Abstract
o -Benzenedisulfonimide has been used
for the first time as a Brønsted acid catalyst to induce
electrocyclization of dienones into cyclopentenones (Nazarov reaction).
The catalyst has been used in various organic solvents or under
solvent-free conditions and it is entirely recoverable from the
reaction mixture. The versatility and the effectiveness of the proposed
procedure is demonstrated on a wide range of both activated and
inactivated substrates.
Key words
Nazarov reaction - Brønsted acid - cyclization - organocatalysis - cyclopentenones
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14 Unpublished results from these laboratories.
15 In experiments conducted on a 10-mmol
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17 During the progress of the reaction,
the TLC control revealed the conversion of the allyl derivatives 2b and 2d into
an intermediate that precedes the formation of the final product.
18 For an exhaustive discussion of the
pattern of substitution of dienone on reactivity in Nazarov cyclization
see ref. 3c and references therein. For effects of electron donor β-substi-tuents
see ref. 3f. For DFT calculations on reactivity of heterocyclic
derivatives in Nazarov cyclization see ref. 12a and 12b.
19 Compounds 2h -j have been unsuccessfully subjected to Nazarov
cyclization under the following conditions: Amberlyst in CH2 Cl2 ,
Amberlyst in toluene at 60 ˚C, 5% Cu(OTf)2 in
CH2 Cl2 at r.t.
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these experimental conditions, 4 was isolated
starting from 2i (see experimental section).
Further studies are ongoing in our laboratory aimed at optimizing
the experimental conditions and at expanding the scope of the reaction