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Semin Hear 2009; 30(4): 287-305
DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1241129
© Thieme Medical Publishers

The Diagnosis and Management of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

Lorne S. Parnes1 , Shahin Nabi2
  • 1Departments of Otolaryngology and Clinical Neurological Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
  • 2Department of Otolaryngology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
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Publication History

Publication Date:
21 October 2009 (online)

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ABSTRACT

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a peripheral vestibular disorder that manifests as sudden, short-lived episodes of vertigo elicited by specific head movements. BPPV is one of the most common causes of dizziness or vertigo, and almost 10% of the elderly population experiences BPPV. It is often self-limiting but can become chronic and recurrent with considerable effects on a person's quality of life. Most cases result from the migration of free-floating canalith particles into the posterior (more commonly) or horizontal (less commonly) semicircular canals, rendering them sensitive to gravity. Diagnosis of BPPV is based on a suggestive history and physical examination, and other tests are not normally required. Repositioning maneuvers are highly efficacious in resolving BPPV. Medications are not an effective treatment option. Posterior canal occlusion surgery is highly effective and is reserved for intractable and severe cases.

KEYWORDS

BPV - BPPV - benign paroxysmal positional vertigo management - benign paroxysmal positional vertigo treatment - benign paroxysmal positional vertigo diagnosis

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Lorne S ParnesM.D. FRCS(C) 

Department of Otolaryngology, University of Western Ontario, London Health Sciences Centre

399 Windermere Rd., London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada

Email: parnes@uwo.ca