Eine szientometrische Betrachtung des BMI

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund: Der Zusammenhang von übergewicht und spezifischen Krankheitsrisiken ist bereits seit Anfang des 19. Jahrhunderts bekannt. Zur Einteilung des Körpergewichts in Unter-, Normal- und Übergewicht dient der seit 1835 bekannte und 1972 so benannte Body-Mass-Index (BMI) in kg/m². Methoden: Die vorliegende Studie bewertet die bis 2008 im „ISI Web of Science” von Thomson Reuters vorhandene Literatur zum Thema BMI unter quantitativen und qualitativen Gesichtspunkten. Bibliometrische Standardmethoden kommen zur Anwendung. Ergebnisse: Im Zeitraum 1900 – 2008 liegen 63 845 Publikationen vor, die den Suchkriterien entsprechen. Der erste Artikel ist aus dem Jahr 1972. Die Untersuchung zeigt, dass ab 1981 die Anzahl der jährlichen Veröffentlichungen sowie die Zitationen kontinuierlich ansteigen. Länderanalysen weisen auf ein weltweites wissenschaftliches Interesse mit einem Schwerpunkt bei den westlichen Industrienationen, angeführt von den USA, hin. Schlussfolgerung: Die vorliegende Studie liefert eine erste umfassende bibliometrische Untersuchung der Literatur zum Thema BMI. Die wissenschaftliche Aktivität von Forschern, Institutionen und Ländern der letzten 40 Jahre wird dargestellt. Es zeigt sich, dass der BMI, trotz der kontroversen Diskussionen, weiterhin ein wichtiger Parameter zur Einschätzung des Ernährungszustands ist, der einfach und kostengünstig angewendet werden kann.

Abstract

Background: The connection between overweight and health risks has been known since the beginning of the 19th century. In order to define overweight, the ”body mass index” (BMI) in kg/m² was introduced. Methods: The present study evaluates the quantity and quality of the published literature available, and its changes over the years. Basic bibliographic methods and recent visualizing techniques were used in order to analyse and categorise research in the field of the BMI. The data were extracted from ”ISI Web of Science” by Thomson Reuters beginning from 1900 to 2008 by defined search terms. Results: There are 63,845 articles on the subject available. It shows, that the number of annual publications is increasing continuously, starting in 1972. The bibliometric methods and the application of density equalising maps reveal global research productivity and citation activity with emphasis on the USA. Conclusion: The present study supplies a first bibliometric approach to visualise research activity in the field of BMI. Furthermore, it provides data that can be used for the identification of research clusters and to locate regions where more research needs to be done. Despite the controversial discussion, the analysed data suggest that the BMI is still an important, simple, and inexpensive measure for the assessment of the nutritional status that comes to a worldwide use.

Schlüsselwörter

kolorektales Karzinom - Magen - Darm

Key words

colorectal cancer - intestine - stomach

Literatur

• 1 Quételet A. Sur l’homme et le développement de ses facultés, ou essai de physique sociale. Paris; 1835
• 2 Keys A, Karvonen M J, Kimura N et al. Indexes of relative weight and obesity.  Journal of Chronic Diseases. 1972;  25 329-343
• 3 WHO .Global database on Body Mass Index. Accessdate: 27.5.2009
• 4 Gartside P S, Wang P, Glueck C J. Prospective assessment of coronary heart disease risk factors: The NHANES I epidemiologic follow-up study (NHEFS) 16-year follow-up. Biomedicine 97 Meeting. Washington, D.C: Amer Coll Nutrition; 1997: 263-269
• 5 Sundquist J, Winkleby M A, Pudaric S. Cardiovascular disease risk factors among older black, Mexican-American, and white women and men: An analysis of NHANES III, 1988 – 1994.  Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2001;  49 109-116
• 6 Freedman D S, Williamson D F, Croft J B et al. Relation of body-fat distribution to ischemic-heart-disease – The national-health and nutrition examination survey-I (NHANES-I) epidemiologic follow-up-study.  American Journal of Epidemiology. 1995;  142 53-63
• 7 Kannel W B, Cupples L A, Ramaswami R et al. Regional obesity and risk of cardiovascular-disease – The Framingham-Study.  Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 1991;  44 183-190
• 8 Lamon-Fava S, Wilson P WF, Schaefer E J. Impact of body mass index on coronary heart disease risk factors in men and women – The Framingham Offspring Study.  Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology. 1996;  16 1509-1515
• 9 Mora S, Yanek L R, Moy T F et al. Interaction of body mass index and Framingham Risk Score in predicting incident coronary disease in families.  Circulation. 2005;  111 1871-1876
• 10 Walker S P, Rimm E B, Ascherio A et al. Body size and fat distribution as predictors of stroke among US men.  Am J Epidemiol. 1996;  144 1143-1150
• 11 Kurth T, Gaziano J M, Berger K et al. Body mass index and the risk of stroke in men.  Arch Intern Med. 2002;  162 2557-2562
• 12 Calle E E, Thun M J, Petrelli J M et al. Body-mass index and mortality in a prospective cohort of US adults.  New England Journal of Medicine. 1999;  341 1097-1105
• 13 Pan S Y, Johnson K C, Ugnat A M et al. Association of obesity and cancer risk in Canada.  Am J Epidemiol. 2004;  159 259-268
• 14 Moore L L, Bradlee M L, Singer M R et al. BMI and waist circumference as predictors of lifetime colon cancer risk in Framingham Study adults.  International Journal of Obesity. 2004;  28 559-567
• 15 Janssen I, Mark A E. Separate and combined influence of body mass index and waist circumference on arthritis and knee osteoarthritis.  International Journal of Obesity. 2006;  30 1223-1228
• 16 Simon G E, Von Korff M, Saunders K et al. Association between obesity and psychiatric disorders in the US adult population.  Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2006;  63 824-830
• 17 Simon G E, Ludman E J, Linde J A et al. Association between obesity and depression in middle-aged women.  General Hospital Psychiatry. 2008;  30 32-39
• 18 Coakley E H, Kawachi I, Manson J E et al. Lower levels of physical functioning are associated with higher body weight among middle-aged and older women.  International Journal of Obesity. 1998;  22 958-965
• 19 Peeters A, Barendregt J J, Willekens F et al. Obesity in adulthood and its consequences for, life expectancy: A life-table analysis.  Annals of Internal Medicine. 2003;  138 24-32
• 20 Kushner R F. Body weight and mortality.  Nutr Rev. 1993;  51 127-136
• 21 Engeland A, Bjorge T, Selmer R M et al. Height and body mass index in relation to total mortality.  Epidemiology. 2003;  14 293-299
• 22 Evenson K R, Stevens J, Cai J W et al. The effect of cardiorespiratory fitness and obesity on cancer mortality in women and men.  Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2003;  35 270-277
• 23 Farrell S W, Cortese G M, LaMonte M J et al. Cardiorespiratory fitness, different measures of adiposity, and cancer mortality in men.  Obesity. 2007;  15 3140-3149
• 24 Andres R, Elahi D, Tobin J D et al. Impact of age on weight goals.  Annals of Internal Medicine. 1985;  103 1030-1033
• 25 Janssen I, Mark A E. Elevated body mass index and mortality risk in the elderly.  Obes Rev. 2007;  8 41-59
• 26 McTigue K M, Hess R, Ziouras J. Obesity in older adults: a systematic review of the evidence for diagnosis and treatment.  Obesity. 2006;  14 1485-1497
• 27 Hirsch J E. An index to quantify an individual’s scientific research output.  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2005;  102 16569-16572
• 28 Thomson Reuters. ISI Web of Knowledge, Journal Citation Report. http://admin-apps.isiknowledge.com/JCR/JCR?SID=Z1oap9LcPj8aaLABCFh. 
• 29 Grzybowski A. The Journal Impact Factor: How to interpret its true value and importance.  Medical Science Monitor. 2009;  15 SR1-SR4
• 30 Groneberg-Kloft B, Scutaru C, Dinh Q T et al. Inter-disease comparison of research quantity and quality: bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.  J Asthma. 2009;  46 147-152
• 31 United Nations .Memberstates. Accessdate: 14.7.2009
• 32 Bell A C, Ge K, Popkin B M. Weight gain and its predictors in Chinese adults.  International Journal of Obesity. 2001;  25 1079-1086
• 33 Matsushita Y, Takahashi Y, Mizoue T et al. Overweight and obesity trends among Japanese adults: a 10-year follow-up of the JPHC Study.  International Journal of Obesity. 2008;  32 1861-1867