Physical Activity Status and Postprandial Lipaemia in Older Adults

Abstract

Physical activity-induced lowering of postprandial lipaemia is short-lived. However, little is known regarding the role of physical activity status on postprandial lipaemia. The purpose of the present study was to compare postprandial triacylglycerol concentrations in active and inactive older adults. A total of 26 older adults (aged 69.8±0.9 years, mean±SEM; 10 male and 16 female) were analysed in a cross-sectional design. Based on accelerometer data, participants were divided into either the active group (≥150 min/week of moderate-intensity physical activity, n=15) or the inactive group (<150 min/week of moderate-intensity physical activity, n=11). After a 48-h period of physical activity avoidance and a 10-h overnight fast, participants consumed a test meal of moderate fat content (35%). Capillary blood samples were collected in the fasted state and at 2, 4, and 6 h postprandially. After adjusting for fasting triacylglycerol concentrations, body mass, body mass index and waist circumference, postprandial capillary triacylglycerol concentrations were significantly lower in the active than inactive group (P=0.046). These findings demonstrate that regular physical activity lowers postprandial lipaemia independent of the acute effects of physical activity in older adults.

regular physical activity - postprandial triacylglycerol - elderly individuals - cardiovascular disease

References

• 1 Bansal S, Buring JE, Rifai N, Mora S, Sacks FM, Ridker PM. Fasting compared with nonfasting triglycerides and risk of cardiovascular events in women.  JAMA. 2007;  298 309-316
• 2 Blackburn P, Lamarche B, Couillard C, Pascot A, Tremblay A, Bergeron J, Lemieux I, Després JP. Contribution of visceral adiposity to the exaggerated postprandial lipemia of men with impaired glucose tolerance.  Diabetes Care. 2003;  26 3303-3309
• 3 Chen C, Jerome GJ, Laferriere D, Young DR, Vollmer WM. Procedures used to standardize data collected by RT3 triaxial accelerometers in a large-scale weight-loss trial.  J Phys Act Health. 2009;  6 354-359
• 4 Cohen JC, Noakes TD, Benade AJS. Postprandial lipemia and chylomicron clearance in athletes and in sedentary men.  Am J Clin Nutr. 1989;  49 443-447
• 5 Department of Health, UK .Physical Activity, Health Improvement and Prevention. At least five a week. London: Department of Health, U.K;
• 6 Gill JM, Caslake MJ, McAllister C, Tsofliou F, Ferrell WR, Packard CJ, Malkova D. Effects of short-term detraining on postprandial metabolism, endothelial function, and inflammation in endurance-trained men: dissociation between changes in triglyceride metabolism and endothelial function.  J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003;  88 4328-4335
• 7 Gill JMR, Hardman AE. Exercise and postprandial lipid metabolism: an update on potential mechanisms and interactions with high-carbohydrate diets (Review).  J Nutr Biochem. 2003;  14 122-132
• 8 Halkes CJM, Castro Babezas M, van Wijk JPH, Erkelens DW. Gender differences in diurnal triglyceridemia in lean and overweight subjects.  Int J Obes. 2001;  25 1767-1774
• 9 Hardman AE, Lawrence JEM, Herd SL. Postprandial lipemia in endurance-trained people during a short interruption to training.  J Appl Physiol. 1998;  84 1895-1901
• 10 Harriss DJ, Atkinson G. Update – Ethical Standards in Sport and Exercise Science Research.  Int J Sports Med. 2011;  32 819-821
• 11 Haskell WL, Lee I-M, Pate RR, Powell KE, Blair SN, Franlkin BA, Macera CA, Heath W, Thompson PD, Bauman A. Physical activity and public health: Updated recommendation for adults from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association.  Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2007;  39 1423-1434
• 12 Herd SL, Hardman AE, Boobis LH, Cairns CJ. The effect of 13 weeks of running training followed by 9 d of detraining on postprandial lipaemia.  Br J Nutr. 1998;  80 57-66
• 13 Herd SL, Lawrence JEM, Malkova D, Murphy MH, Mastana S, Hardman AE. Postprandial lipemia in young men and women of contrasting training status.  J Appl Physiol. 2000;  89 2049-2056
• 14 Hurren NM, Eves FF, Blannin AK. Is the effect of prior exercise on postprandial lipaemia the same for a moderate-fat meal as it is for a high-fat meal?.  Br J Nutr. 2011;  105 506-516
• 15 Kumahara H, Schutz Y, Ayabe M, Yoshioka M, Yoshitake Y, Shindo M, Ishii K, Tanaka H. The use of uniaxial accelerometry for the assessment of physical-activity-related energy expenditure: a validation study against whole-body indirect calorimetry.  Br J Nutr. 2004;  91 235-243
• 16 Malkova D, Gill JRM. Effects of exercise on postprandial lipoprotein metabolism.  Future Lipidol. 2006;  1 743-755
• 17 Matthews CE, Chen KY, Freedson PS, Buchowski MS, Beech BM, Pate RR, Troiano RP. Amount of time spent in sedentary behaviors in the United States, 2003–2004.  Am J Epidemiol. 2008;  167 875-881
• 18 Merrill JR, Holly RG, Anderson RL, Rifai N, King ME, DeMeersman R. Hyperlipemic response of young trained and untrained men after a high fat meal.  Arteriosclerosis. 1989;  9 217-223
• 19 Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan .2008 Deaths by leading causes of death and age group. Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare: Tokyo; 2009
• 20 Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan .2008 The National Health and Nutrition Survey in Japan. Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare: Tokyo; 2009
• 21 Miyashita M. Effects of continuous versus accumulated activity patterns on postprandial triacylglycerol concentrations in obese men.  Int J Obes. 2008;  32 1271-1278
• 22 Miyashita M, Sasai H, Tanaka K. Post-prandial capillary triacylglycerol responses in centrally obese middle-aged men to moderate exercise.  J Sports Sci. 2010;  28 1269-1275
• 23 Nordestgaard BG, Benn M, Schnohr P, Tybjærg-Hansen A. Nonfasting triglycerides and risk of myocardial infarction, ischemic heart disease, and death in men and women.  JAMA. 2007;  298 299-308
• 24 Podl TR, Zmuda JM, Yurgalevitch SM, Fahrenbach MC, Bausserman LL, Terry RB, Thompson PD. Lipoprotein lipase activity and plasma triglyceride clearance are elevated in endurance-trained women.  Metabolism. 1994;  43 808-813
• 25 Rubin DA, McMurray RG, Harrell JS, Carlson BW, Bangdiwala S. Accuracy of three dry-chemistry methods for lipid profiling and risk factor classification.  Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2003;  13 358-368
• 26 Sady SP, Cullinane EM, Saritelli A, Bernier D, Thompson PD. Elevated high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in endurance athletes is related to enhanced plasma triglyceride clearance.  Metabolism. 1988;  37 568-572
• 27 Tsetsonis NT, Hardman AE, Mastana SS. Acute effects of exercise on postprandial lipemia: a comparative study in trained and untrained middle-aged women.  Am J Clin Nutr. 1997;  65 525-533
• 28 Zhang JQ, Ji LL, Nunex G, Feathers S, Hart CL, Yao WX. Effect of exercise timing on postprandial lipemia in hypertriglyceridemic men.  Can J Appl Physiol. 2004;  29 590-603
• 29 Zilversmit DB. Atherogenesis: A postprandial phenomenon.  Circulation. 1979;  60 473-485

Correspondence