Zusammenfassung
Die optische Kohärenztomografie (OCT) ist ein nicht invasives bildgebendes Verfahren, das es ermöglicht, transpupilläre Schnittbilder der Retina und der Papilla nervi optici zu erfassen. Bei Integration eines Scanning-Laser-Ophthalmoskops ist die exakte Lokalisation und Reproduzierbarkeit der Messungen gegeben. Diese Geräteeigenschaften ermöglichen auch bei eingeschränktem Fixationsvermögen und bei Kindern die Erhebung zusätzlicher morphologischer Befunde im Rahmen der Diagnostik neuroophthalmologischer Erkrankungen. Damit ist es möglich, bei unklaren Sehstörungen makuläre Erkrankungen von Erkrankungen des Sehnervs abzugrenzen. Verschiedene Formen der Optikusneuropathien lassen sich voneinander unterscheiden und können sowohl im Schweregrad als auch im Verlauf quantitativ erfasst werden. Die quantitative Verlaufskontrolle bei Papillenödem, Stauungspapillen oder auch bei tumorbedingten Optikusatrophien gibt wichtige objektive Hinweise für die Planung therapeutischer Maßnahmen.
Abstract
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive imaging technique which provides the possibility to record transpupillarily cross-sectional scans of the retina and the optic disc. The exact localisation and reproducibility of the scans are ensured by the combination with a scanning laser ophthalmoscope. The outcome of this is the possibility to collect additional morphological data for the diagnosis of neuroophthalmological diseases particularly in children. OCT data allow for the differentiation of macular diseases from optic nerve pathology in unexplained visual loss. Various forms of optic neuropathies can be distinguished and quantitatively characterised with regard to their severity and clinical course. Serial assessment of papilloedema or optic atrophy over time gives valuable objective information about the prognosis of the underlying disease and the therapy planning.
Schlüsselwörter
Neuroophthalmologie - Kinderophthamologie - optische Kohärenztomografie - Optikusneuropathien - Diagnostik
Key words
neuroophthalmology - paediatric ophthalmology - optical coherence tomography - optic neuropathy - diagnostics
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PD Dr. Helmut Tegetmeyer
Klinik und Poliklinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig AöR
Liebigstr. 10 – 14
04103 Leipzig
Telefon: ++ 49/3 41/9 72 16 50
Fax: ++ 49/3 41/9 72 16 59
eMail: tegeth@medizin.uni-leipzig.de
