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Neuropediatrics 2011; 42(06): 215-221
DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1295479
Original Article
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Neuroradiological and Neurofunctional Examinations for Patients with 22q11.2 Deletion

T. Mori
1   Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Health Bioscience, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
,
K. Mori
1   Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Health Bioscience, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
,
E Fujii
1   Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Health Bioscience, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
,
Y. Toda
1   Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Health Bioscience, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
,
M. Miyazaki
1   Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Health Bioscience, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
,
M. Harada
2   Department of Radiology, Institute of Health Bioscience, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
,
S. Kagami
1   Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Health Bioscience, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

received 20 June 2011

accepted 31 October 2011

Publication Date:
30 November 2011 (online)

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Abstract

Since the neuroradiological features of patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome are not well-understood, examinations using functional imaging were performed in this study. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) were performed using a clinical 3-Tesla MR imager in 4 patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (2 boys and 2 girls; aged 2–6 years.) and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects. Furthermore, interictal 123I-iomazenil (IMZ) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was examined in 2 of the 4 patients. Among the 4 patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, 2 patients showed polymicrogyria and 1 patient showed agyria. Those patients with brain malformations also showed abnormal brain artery patterns and decreased accumulation of IMZ in 123I-IMZ SPECT. Although all 4 patients showed epileptic discharges in their electroencephalograms (EEG), one patient with polymicrogyria had no seizure episodes. Decreases in γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) corresponding to the areas of polymicrogyria and/or epileptic discharges in EEG were shown in all patients except for the patient with agyria. Although consistent evidence was not seen in patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome in this study, brain malformations and disturbances of the GABAergic nervous system would be underlying mechanisms of the neurodevelopmental abnormalities in this syndrome.

Key words

123I-iomazenil SPECT - 1H-MRS - 22q11.2 deletion syndrome - agyria - brain malformation - epilepsy - polymicrogyria
 

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