Inhibitory effect of procaterol on exercise dynamic lung hyperinflation during the 6-min walk test in stable patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Masahiro Satake; Hitomi Takahashi; Keiyu Sugawara; Atsuoshi Kawagoshi; Akira Tamaki; Mitsunobu Homma; Ryou Morita; Kazuhiro Sato; Masaaki Sano; Takanobu Shioya

doi:10.1055/s-0031-1296162

Arzneimittelforschung, Table of Contents

Arzneimittelforschung 2011; 61(1): 8-13
DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1296162

Antiallergic Drugs · Antiasthmatics · Antitussives · Bronchodilators · Bronchosecretogogues · Mucolytics

Editio Cantor Verlag Aulendorf (Germany)

Inhibitory effect of procaterol on exercise dynamic lung hyperinflation during the 6-min walk test in stable patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Masahiro Satake

¹Department of Physical Therapy, Akita University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Akita, Japan

,

Hitomi Takahashi

²Department of Rehabilitation, Akita City General Hospital, Akita, Japan

,

Keiyu Sugawara

¹Department of Physical Therapy, Akita University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Akita, Japan

²Department of Rehabilitation, Akita City General Hospital, Akita, Japan

,

Atsuoshi Kawagoshi

¹Department of Physical Therapy, Akita University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Akita, Japan

²Department of Rehabilitation, Akita City General Hospital, Akita, Japan

,

Akira Tamaki

³Department of Human Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Kyoto, Japan

,

Mitsunobu Homma

⁴Department of Respiratory Medicine, Akita City General Hospital, Akita, Japan

,

Ryou Morita

⁵Department of Respiratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan

,

Kazuhiro Sato

⁵Department of Respiratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan

,

Masaaki Sano

⁵Department of Respiratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan

,

Takanobu Shioya

¹Department of Physical Therapy, Akita University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Akita, Japan

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effect of procaterol (procaterol hydrochloride, CAS 62929-91-3) on exercise dynamic lung hyperinflation during the 6-min walk test (6MWT) in stable chronic obstructive disease (COPD) patients. Fourteen patients with stable COPD who were referred to our clinic between July 2008 and October 2009 were evaluated in this study. After the inhalation of procaterol, values for the lung function test, including vital capacity, inspiratory capacity, forced vital capacity, and FEV₁/FEV₁pred showed a significant improvement. Compared to the baseline assessment, the 6-min walk distance increased by a mean of 20.5 m when measured after inhalation of procaterol (512.4 ± 90.7mvs. 532.9 ± 79.8 m, p < 0.05). During the 6MWT, inspiratory capacity decreased significantly with time. The inspiratory capacity after inhalation of procaterol was improved significantly compared with placebo. The Borg scale increased significantly during the 6MWT and was attenuated after inhaling procaterol hydrochloride, though the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant.

In the present study, there was a significant attenuation in exercise dynamic lung hyperinflation, suggesting the important role of the β₂-receptor agonist procaterol in the treatment of COPD. It is therefore likely that most patients with COPD may derive considerable benefit from bronchodilator therapy with procaterol.

Key words

β₂-Receptor agonist - Bronchodilator - CAS 62929-91-3 - Dyspnea - End-expiratory lung volume - Exercise dynamic lung hyperinflation - Procaterol hydrochloride - Six-minute walk test

Full Text

References

References
1 Fletcher CM, Pride NB. Definitions of emphysema, chronic bronchitis, asthma, and airflow obstruction: 25 years on from the Chiba symposium. Thorax. 1984; 39: 81-5
2 National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institute of Health, the World Health Organization. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). Available from: www.goldcopd.com Accessed: 2010-2-1.
3 O'Donnell DE, Webb KA. Exertional breathlessness in patients with chronic airflow limitation. The role of lung hyperinflation. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1993; 148: 1351-7
4 Belman MJ, Botnick WC, Shin JW. Inhaled bronchodilators reduce dynamic hyperinflation during exercise in patients chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996; 153: 967-75
5 O'Donnell DE, Chau LKL, Bertley JC, Webb KA. Qualitative aspects of exertional breathlessness in chronic airflow limitation: pathophysilogic mechanism. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997; 155: 109-15
6 O'Donnell DE, D'Arsigny C, Fitzpatrick M, Webb KA. Exercise hypercapnea in advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the role of lung hyperinflation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002; 166: 663-8
7 Diaz O, Villafranca C, Ghezzo H, Borzone G, Levia A, Millic-Emil J et al. Role of inspiratory capacity on exercise tolerance in COPD patients with and without tidal expiratory flow limitation at rest. Eur Respir J. 2000; 16: 269-75
8 O'Donnell DE, Revill SM, Webb KA. Dynamic hyperinflation and exercise intolerance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001; 164: 770-7
9 O'Donnell DE, Lam M, Webb KA. Measurement of symptoms, lung hyperinflation, and endurance during exercise in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit CareMed. 1998; 158: 1557-65
10 American Thoracic Society 2002ATS Statement: Guidelines for six-minute walk test. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003; 166: 111-
11 American Thoracic Society/American College of Chest Physicians 2003ATS/ACCP Statement: on cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003; 167: 211-277
12 Sciurba F, Criner GJ, Lee SM, Mohsenifer Z, Shade D, Silvka W et al. Six-minute walk distance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Reproducibility and effect of walking course layout and length. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003; 167: 1522-7
13 Yabuuchi Y, Yamahsita S, Tei SS. Pharmacological studies of OPC-2009, a newly synthesized selective beta adrenoceptor stimulant, in the bronchomotor and cardiovascular system of the anaesthetized dog. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1977; 202: 326-36
14 Mirza ZN, Tokuyama K, Arakawa H, Kato M, Mochizuki H, Morikawa A. Inhaled procaterol inhibits histamine-induced airflow obstruction and microvascular leakage in guinea pig airways with allergic inflammation. Clin Exp Allergy. 1998; 28: 644-52
15 Sukisaki T, Senjyu H, Oishi K, Rikitomi N, Ariyoshi K. Single dose of inhaled procaterol has a prolonged effect on exercise performance of patients with COPD. Physiother Theory Prac. 2008; 24: 255-63
16 Shioya T, Satake M, Sato K, Sano M, Sugawara K, Takahashi H et al. Long-term effect of the β2-receptor agonist procaterol on daily life performance and exercise capacity in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Arzneimittelforschung. 2008; 58: 24-8
17 American Thoracic Society Standards for the diagnosis and care of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1995; 152: S77-120
18 Faggiano P, D'Aloia A, Gualeni A, Glordano A. Assessment of oxygen uptake during the 6-minute walking test in patients with heart failure: Preliminary experience with a portable device. Am Heart J. 1997; 13A: 203-6
19 Schulz H, Helle S, Heck H. The validity of the telemetric system CORTEX X1 in the ventilatory and gas exchange measurement during exercise. Int J Sports Med. 1997; 18: 454-7
20 Borg GA. Psychophysical basis of perceived exertion. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1982; 14: 377-81
21 Mahler DA, Donohue JF, Barbee RA, Goldman MD, Gross NJ, Wisniewski ME et al. Efficacy of salmeterol xinaforate in the treatment of COPD. Chest. 1999; 115: 957-965
22 Newton MF, O'Donnell DE, Forkert L. Response of lung volumes to inhaled salbutamol in a large population of patients with severe hyperinflation. Chest. 2002; 121: 1042-50
23 Fujimoto K, Yoshiike F, Yasuo M, Kitaguchi Y, Urushibara K, Kubo K et al. Effects of broncodilators on dynamic hyperinflation following hyperinflation in patients with COPD. Respirology. 2007; 12: 93-9
24 O'Donnell DE, Voduc N, Fitzpatrick M, Webb KA. Effect of salmeterol on the ventilatory response to exercise in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Eur Respir J. 2004; 24: 86-94
25 Honma I, Obata T, Shibuya M, Uchida M. Gate mechanism in breathlessness caused by chest wall vibration in humans. J Appl Physiol. 1984; 56 (1) 8-11
26 Killan KJ, Bucens DD, Campbell EJM. Effect of breathing patterns on the perceived magnitude on added loads breathing. J Appl Physiol. 1982; 52: 578-84
27 O'Donnell DE, McGuire M, Samis L, Webb KA. The impact of exercise recording on breathlessness in patients with severe chronic airflow limitation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1995; 152: 2005-13
28 Japanese Respiratory Society. COPD Guidelines for diagnosis and management. 3rd ed. 2009.