Sport bei (trotz) Arthrose

Zusammenfassung

Der Anteil von Patienten mit symptomatischer Arthrose wird aufgrund steigender Lebenserwartung und der älter werdenden Bevölkerung immer größer, vor dem Hintergrund knapper werdender Ressourcen im Gesundheitssystem wird die Etablierung kostengünstiger Trainingsmaßnahmen zur Therapie gefordert. Patienten mit Hüft- und Kniegelenksarthrose weisen sowohl prä- als auch postoperativ große Defizite in den Bereichen Kraft, Ausdauer und Koordination als auch kardiopulmonal auf. Sie befinden sich in einem Teufelskreislauf der über Einschränkung der Gelenkbeweglichkeit, Abnahme der Muskelkraft in Inaktivität und Gewichtszunahme mündet und damit mit höherer Gelenkbelastung dem Schmerz und Krankheitsprozess weiter Vorschub leistet. Es liegt deshalb nahe, neben der postoperativ durchgeführten Rehabilitation ein langfristig ausgerichtetes Trainingskonzept in den Lebensalltag der Arthrosepatienten zu integrieren. In zahlreichen Studien um das Hüft- und Kniesportkonzept konnten Verbesserungen und gute Trainierbarkeit von Kraftausdauer, Gelenkbeweglichkeit und gesundheitsbezogener Lebensqualität nachgewiesen werden. Das Konzept der Hüft- und Kniesportgruppen integriert soziale, pädagogische und motorisch- funktionale Aspekte und bietet Patienten eine ideale Unterstützung, um aktiv zu werden und über Jahre hinweg aktiv zu bleiben. Eine flächendeckende Etablierung dieses kostengünstigen, zielgerichteten Trainings in Gruppen zur sekundären Prävention der Arthrose, ähnlich dem Herzsportgruppenkonzept, wäre wünschenswert. Für Patienten sollte dann mit der Diagnose einer Arthrose nicht das Leid, sondern das Training beginnen.

Abstract

The proportion of patients with symptomatic arthrosis is increasing due to the higher life expectancy and aging population – hence, against the background of smaller financial resources in health systems the demand for cost-effective therapy emerges. Patients suffering from hip or knee joint arthrosis show pre- and post-operatively considerable deficits in strength, endurance, and coordination as well as in their cardiopulmonary capacities. They are in a vicious circle which results in decreasing joint mobility, reduced muscle strength, and further weight gain which, in turn, increases the stress on the joint and thereby fosters the progress of the disease even more. Thus, complementary to postoperative rehabilitation, a long-term exercise plan should be implemented in the patients’ everyday routine. This is because various studies investigating a hip and knee exercise concept were able to unveil positive effects in strength endurance, joint mobility, and health related quality of life. The concept of hip and knee exercise groups integrates social, pedagogical, and motor-functional aspects and offers a great opportunity for patients to start being active and to stay active on a long-term basis. It is desirable to establish these cost-effective and target-oriented exercise groups as part of the secondary prevention of arthrosis across the whole nation, similar to coronary sport groups.

Schlüsselwörter

Arthrose - Training - Sekundärprävention - Sport - Hüftsportgruppen

Key words

arthrosis - exercise - secondary prevention - sport - hip exercise groups

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