Lebertransplantation mit Lebendspende – Historie und Gegenwart^[*]

Zusammenfassung

Seit Durchführung der ersten Leberlebendspenden Ende der 80er-Jahre des vergangenen Jahrhunderts hat sich das Verfahren in der Transplantationsmedizin etabliert. Insbesondere in Asien wird, vornehmlich aus religiösen Gründen, die deutliche Mehrzahl der Lebertransplantationen als Lebendspende realisiert. Als Spenderteilorgan dienen für Erwachsene meist der rechte Leberlappen und für Kinder die linkslateralen Segmente. Um ausreichend Parenchym zu transplantieren, werden auch Teillebern von 2 Spendern für einen Empfänger genutzt – „dual grafts“. Die vorliegende Arbeit fasst die historische Entwicklung der Leberlebendspende bis hin zum heutigen Stand dieses Transplantationsverfahrens weltweit zusammen.

Abstract

Since the first living donor liver transplantations at the end of the 1980s, this transplantation technique has developed as an established tool within the modern transplantation medicine. Especially in Asia, the majority of liver transplantation is performed through living donation, mainly for religious reasons. Liver grafts for adult recipients are mainly the right liver lobe of the donor, for paediatric recipients mainly the left lateral lobe. In some cases, the living donor liver transplantation is realised from two different donors for one recipient, the so-called “dual graft” transplantation. This article summarises the history of living donor liver transplantation up to the current status of this transplantation procedure worldwide.

Schlüsselwörter

Leberlebendspende - Lebertransplantation - Lebendspender - Organmangel

Key words

living liver donation - liver transplantation - living donor - organ shortage

^* Prof. Dr. Dr. H. Lippert gewidmet

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