Das alternde Immunsystem

Zusammenfassung

Das Altern des Immunsystems, auch Immunseneszenz genannt, trägt zur erhöhten Morbidität und Mortalität durch Infektionen, Autoimmunerkrankungen und Neoplasien sowie zur geringeren Wirksamkeit von Impfung bei älteren Personen bei. Die Immunseneszenz ist durch eine Abnahme der zellvermittelten Immunfunktion sowie durch reduzierte humorale Immunantworten gekennzeichnet, die durch altersbedingten Veränderungen innerhalb des angeborenen Immunsystems sowie altersabhängige Veränderungen der T-und B-Zell-Funktion verursacht werden. Dieser Beitrag soll einen Überblick über die wichtigsten altersbedingten Veränderungen der verschiedenen Komponenten des Immunsystems geben.

Abstract

The aging of the immune system, also called immunosenescence, contributes to the increased morbidity and mortality from infections, autoimmune diseases and cancer as well as to the low efficacy of vaccination in elderly persons. Immunosenescence is characterized by a decrease in cell-mediated immune function and by reduced humoral immune responses caused by age-related changes in the innate immune system and age-dependent defects in T-and B-cell function. This paper gives an overview of the most important modifications in the different compartments of the immune system during the ageing process.

Schlüsselwörter

Immunseneszenz - angeborene und erworbene Immunität - Altern - inflamm-aging

Keywords

immunosenescence - innate and adaptive immunity - aging - inflamm-aging

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