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DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1383357
Isolation and Identification of Twelve Metabolites of Isocorynoxeine in Rat Urine and their Neuroprotective Activities in HT22 Cell Assay
Publication History
received 14 March 2014
revised 12 October 2014
accepted 17 October 2014
Publication Date:
17 December 2014 (online)
![](https://www.thieme-connect.de/media/plantamedica/201501/lookinside/thumbnails/10.1055-s-0034-1383357-1.jpg)
Abstract
Isocorynoxeine, one of the major alkaloids from Uncaria Hook, shows the effects of lowering blood pressure, vasodilatation, and protection against ischemia-induced neuronal damage. In this paper, the metabolism of isocorynoxeine was investigated in rats. Twelve metabolites and the parent drug were isolated by using solvent extraction and repeated chromatographic methods, and determined by spectroscopic methods including UV, MS, NMR, and CD experiments. Seven new compounds were identified as 11-hydroxyisocorynoxeine, 5-oxoisocorynoxeinic acid-22-O-β-D-glucuronide, 10-hydroxyisocorynoxeine, 17-O-demethyl-16,17-dihydro-5-oxoisocorynoxeine, 5-oxoisocorynoxeinic acid, 21-hydroxy-5-oxoisocorynoxeine, and oxireno[18, 19]-5-oxoisocorynoxeine, together with six known compounds identified as isocorynoxeine, 18,19-dehydrocorynoxinic acid, 18,19-dehydrocorynoxinic acid B, corynoxeine, isocorynoxeine-N-oxide, and corynoxeine-N-oxide. Possible metabolic pathways of isocorynoxeine are proposed. Furthermore, the activity assay for the parent drug and some of its metabolites showed that isocorynoxeine exhibited a significant neuroprotective effect against glutamate-induced HT22 cell death at the maximum concentration. However, little or weak neuroprotective activities were observed for M-3, M-6, M-7, and M-10. Our present study is important to further understand their metabolic fate and disposition in humans.
Key words
Uncaria Hook - Rubiaceae - isocorynoxeine - metabolites from rat urine - neuroprotective activities - HT22 cell-
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