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Synlett 2016; 27(13): 1941-1944
DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1562134
DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1562134
letter
Magnetically Recoverable N-Heterocyclic Carbene–Gold(I) Catalyst for Hydroamination of Terminal Alkynes
Further Information
Publication History
Received: 29 February 2016
Accepted after revision: 08 April 2016
Publication Date:
11 May 2016 (online)
![](https://www.thieme-connect.de/media/synlett/201613/lookinside/thumbnails/st-2016-u0143-l_10-1055_s-0035-1562134-1.jpg)
Abstract
We prepared a magnetically recoverable gold(I) catalyst by immobilizing an N-heterocyclic carbene–gold(I) complex on magnetite and applied it to the hydroamination of alkynes. By employing 2 mol% of the magnetite-supported gold(I) catalyst, the hydroamination of terminal alkynes proceeded smoothly to provide the corresponding imine in a fair chemical yield. Moreover, after the reaction, the magnetic gold(I) catalyst was readily recovered by use of an external magnet and could be reused up to five times.
Supporting Information
- Supporting information for this article is available online at http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1562134. Included are synthetic procedures for the preparations of 3, 4, and 5, 1H NMR and 13C NMR data of 3 and 4, and X-ray diffraction patterns of magnetite and 5.
- Supporting Information
-
References and Notes
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- 13 1H NMR and 13C NMR data of 3 and 4 are shown in the Supporting Information.
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- 15 General Procedure To a solution of the alkyne 6 (9 mmol) and the amine 7 (3 mmol) were successively added the indicated amounts of the magnetite-supported gold(I) catalyst 5 and an acid under an argon atmosphere. The reaction mixture was stirred at the indicated temperature for 24 h under an argon atmosphere. The magnetite-supported gold(I) catalyst 5 was separated by magnetic decantation using an external magnet, and the reaction mixture was then transferred out of the reaction vessel, followed by washing of the catalyst 5 with the alkyne 6 three times under argon atmosphere. The chemical yield of the imine 8 and the corresponding ketone were determined by integrating 1H NMR absorptions referring to an internal standard [4-tert-butyltoluene (1 mmol)], which was added to the reaction mixture. Any organic solvents were not used for washing of the catalyst 5 in order to avoid the vaporization of products and an internal standard during the evaporation of organic solvents in vacuo. Also in the case of catalyst recycling as shown in Table 3, ethynylbenzene (6a), namely no organic solvents was used for washing of the catalyst 5 because this catalytic conversion was sequentially carried out without the evaporation of solvents in vacuo after the magnetic decantation.
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- 18 Selected Data for New Compounds (E)-4-Bromo-N-{1-(4-tert-butylphenyl)ethylidene}aniline (8c) White powder; yield: 72%; mp 138.0–138.6 °C. IR (KBr): 2963, 2901, 2866, 1628, 1601, 1474, 1296, 1211, 1007, 853, 841, 586 cm–1. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 7.89 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2 H, ArH), 7.45 (t, J = 9.2 Hz, 4 H, ArH), 6.66 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2 H, ArH), 2.20 (s, 3 H, CH3), 1.35 [s, 9 H, C(CH3)3]. 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 166.0, 154.3, 151.0, 136.5, 132.0, 127.1, 125.5, 121.4, 116.1, 35.0, 31.3, 17.4. Anal. Calcd (%) for C18H20NBr: C, 65.46; H, 6.10; N, 4.24; Br, 24.19. Found (%): C, 65.53; H, 5.98; N, 4.28; Br, 24.11. 4-Bromo-N-(2-octylidene)aniline (8e) Colorless oil; E/Z mixture; yield: 75%. IR (KBr): 2954, 2927, 2857, 1661, 1480, 1365, 1231, 1167, 1069, 1008, 842, 654 cm–1. 1H NMR and 13C NMR resonances were presented as two signals (indicated as major and minor). 1H NMR (400 MHz, THF-d 8): δ = 7.38–7.35 (m, 2 H, ArH), 6.56–6.52 (m, 2 H, ArH), 2.37 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 2 H, CH2, major), 2.11 (t, J = 7.9 Hz, 2 H, CH2, minor), 2.08 (s, 3 H, CH3, minor), 1.74 (s, 3 H, CH3, major), 1.69–1.62 (m, 2 H, CH2, major), 1.51–1.44 (m, 2 H, CH2, minor), 1.42–1.32 (m, 6 H, (CH2)3, major), 1.26–1.17 (m, 6 H, (CH2)3, minor), 0.91 (t, J = 6.7 Hz, 3 H, CH3, major), 0.85 (t, J = 7.0 Hz, 3 H, CH3, minor). 13C NMR (100 MHz, THF-d 8): δ (major) = 172.0, 152.2, 132.32, 121.85, 115.8, 41.8, 32.5, 29.7, 26.5, 23.3, 19.3, 14.3; δ (minor) = 172.4, 151.7, 132.27, 121.80, 115.6, 34.5, 32.2, 29.9, 27.5, 25.6, 23.1, 14.2. MS (EI): m/z calcd for C14H20NBr: 281.0779 [M+]; found: 281.0780.
- 19 In Table 2, entry 6, the magnetically recovered gold(I) catalyst 5 was washed with aniline (7b) after the hydroamination.
- 20 The magnetically recovered gold(I) catalyst 5 was reused for the subsequent hydroamination of the alkyne 6a by the addition of 6a, 7a, and trifluoromethanesulfonic acid to the reaction vessel.
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Previously reported magnetically recoverable gold(III) catalysts: