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DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1614063
Molecular Characterization of a Multiethnic Group of 21 Patients with Type 3 von Willebrand Disease
We would like to thank Dr. P. V. Jenkins (Royal Free Hospital, London, UK) for helpful criticism and advice. The financial support of the Foundation Angelo Bianchi Bonomi and Foundation Luigi Villa is gratefully acknowledged.Publication History
Received
12 April 2000
Accepted after revision
06 July 2000
Publication Date:
11 December 2017 (online)
Summary
Type 3 von Willebrand disease is a rare autosomal disorder characterized by unmeasurable levels of von Willebrand factor and severe hemorrhagic symptoms. We studied a multiethnic group of 37 patients, from Italy (n = 14), Iran (n = 10) and India (n = 13) to identify the molecular defects and to evaluate genetic heterogeneity among these populations. Twenty-one patients (6 Italians, 9 Iranians and 6 Indians) were fully characterized at the molecular level. Twenty-four different gene alterations were identified, 20 of which have not been described previously. The majority of the mutations caused null alleles, 11 being nonsense mutations (Q218*, W222*, R365*, R373*, E644*, Q706*, S1338*, Q1346*, Y1542*, R1659*, E2129*), 4 small deletions (437delG, 2680delC, 6431delT, del 8491-8499), 3 possible splice site mutations [IVS9(-1)g→a, IVS29(+10)c→t, IVS40(-1)g → c], 3 candidate missense mutations (C275S, C2174G, C2804Y), 2 small insertions (7375insC, 7921insC) and 1 large gene deletion. The latter mutation was associated with the development of alloantibodies to VWF, but this complication was also found in a patient homozygous for a nonsense mutation (Q1346*). Due to the ethnic origin of the patients most of them were the offspring of consanguineous marriages and so were homozygous for the mutations found (18/21). Our results indicate that molecular defects responsible for type 3 VWD are scattered throughout the entire VWF gene (from exon 3 to 52), and that there is no prevalent and common gene defect in the three populations studied by us.
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