Psychotische Störungen durch Alkohol

Zusammenfassung

Bei der Alkoholhalluzinose (psychotische Störung durch Alkohol) handelt es sich um ein relativ seltenes Krankheitsbild, das durch die Leitsymptome (akustische) Halluzinationen, Angst und gegebenenfalls Verfolgungswahn bei fehlenden Bewusstseins- und Orientierungsstörungen gekennzeichnet ist. Die wichtigste Differenzialdiagnose ist die Schizophrenie, aber auch das Alkoholdelir sowie drogeninduzierte Psychosen. Die Prognose ist in den meisten Fällen gut, zur Akuttherapie werden Neuroleptika eingesetzt.

Selten sind paranoide Störungen, speziell der alkoholische Eifersuchtswahn, der manchmal als Residuum einer chronischen Alkoholhalluzinose persistiert und monosymptomatisch bleibt. Gefürchtet sind die resultierenden Gewaltdelikte. Die Therapie ist meist schwierig, Neuroleptika nur begrenzt wirksam.

Summary

Alcohol hallucinosis (alcohol-induced psychotic disorders) are a rather disorder characterized by key symptoms such as auditory hallucinations, anxiety and delusions while disorders of consciousness and orientation are missing. The most important differential diagnoses are paranoid schizophrenia, alcohol included delirium and drug-induced psychosis. The prognosis is usually good, for acute treatment neuroleptics can be given.

Alcohol-induced paranoid disorders are rare usually presenting as chronic delusion of jealousy. Violence and aggression may present and the prognosis is poor.

Schlüsselwörter

Alkohol - Alkoholismus - Eifersuchtswahn - Alkoholhalluzinose - psychotische Störungen

Keywords

Alcohol - alcoholism - alcohol hallucinosis - delusional jealousy - psychotic disorder

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