Chronische Immunneuropathien

Zusammenfassung

Chronische Immunneuropathien sind eine klinisch heterogene Gruppe von entzündlichen Erkrankungen des peripheren Nervensystems, die auf immunsuppressive oder -modulierende Behandlungen ansprechen. Obwohl insgesamt selten, ist die häufigste chronische Immunneuropathie die chronisch inflammatorische demyelinisierende Polyneuropathie (CIDP) mit ihren Sonderformen. Die Prävalenz der CIDP wurde aufgrund unklarer Kriterien bisher unterschätzt. Durch verschiedene klinische und neurophysiologische Kriterienkataloge ist die Diagnose in der klinischen Praxis inzwischen vereinfacht. Auch die Studienlage zur Therapie der CIDP mit Immunsuppressiva oder -modulatoren hat sich deutlich verbessert. In dieser Übersicht werden die klinischen und neurophysiologischen Kriterien und mögliche Behandlungsstrategien dargestellt.

Summary

Chronic immune neuropathies are a clinical heterogeneous group of inflammatory diseases of the peripheral nervous system. Although they are rare diseases, the most frequent chronic immune neuropathy is the chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) including its atypical manifestations. Due to the lack of accepted diagnostic criteria, the prevalence was underestimated in recent years. After the development of clinical and neurophysiological criteria, diagnosis of CIDP has been simplified. There are also more reliable data on the treatment of CIDP using immunosuppressive or -modulatory drugs. In this paper the current clinical and neurophysiological features of CIDP and its treatment will be reviewed.

Schlüsselwörter

Immunneuropathie - Polyneuropathie - CIDP - Behandlung

Keywords

Immune neuropathy - polyneuropathy - CIDP - treatment

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