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Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2005; 18(01): 01-06
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1632922
Review Article
Schattauer GmbH

The feline humerus

An anatomical study with relevance to external skeletal fixator and intramedullary pin placement
S. J. Langley-Hobbs
1   The Queens Veterinary School Hospital, The Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K.
,
M. Straw
2   Beechwood Veterinary Hospital, Bessacarr, Doncaster, South Yorkshire, U.K.
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Received 01 July 2004

Accepted 16 August 2004

Publication Date:
08 February 2018 (online)

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Summary

The humeri of eleven feline cadavers were dissected and safe anatomical areas for placing external skeletal fixator pins were determined. Relevant measurements taken of the humeral condyle enabled a determination of a safe pin diameter range of 1.5 to 2.2 mm for transcondylar pins. Further anatomical measurements allowed recommendations to be made to angle pins in the distal humerus in a distolateral proximomedial direction so that the ESF pin penetrates the far cortex at least 20 mm proximal to the medial epicondyle in order to avoid pin penetration of the supracondylar foramen. Cross sections taken of the distal humerus revealed that passage of an IM pin into the medial aspect of the humeral condyle was possible in less than half the cases.

Keywords

Feline - humerus - external skeletal fixator - intramedullary pin
 

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