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DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1654378
A Description of Clot Retraction as a Visual Experience[*)]
Publication History
Publication Date:
08 June 2018 (online)
Summary
Clot retraction is reviewed as a visual experience from the elementary considerations to more complicated and uncertain perspectives. The extent of retraction is dependent upon temperature, cell volume, surface contact, pH, fibrinogen concentration, thrombin concentration, calcium ion concentration, and platelet concentration. Platelets function in their own unique way. This quality is lost by such treatment as dialysis, ultrasonic waves, storage, and freezing. In the latter case there is some protection in glycerol solutions. Plasma contains dialyzable material concerned with clot retraction. This includes glucose and phosphorous, and perhaps other substances. Moreover, plasma contains one or more proteins of interest in clot retraction, and this protein(s) can be adsorbed on barium carbonate and eluted with sodium citrate solution. There may be clot retraction without the dialyzable material of plasma if the nondialyzable protein(s) are present and vice versa. The work is illustrated extensively with photographs and variables are considered in terms of three dimensional projection. In addition the ideas reviewed were developed in terms of information obtained with time lapse motion picture photography.
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* This investigation was supported by a research grant H-2026 from the National Heart Institute, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Public Health Service.
** Fellowship International Institute of Education.
*** Work completed during tenure of Award in Support of Creative Work from the Commonwealth Fund of New York.
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References
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- 2 Seegers W. H, Johnson S. A, Fell C, Alkjaersig N. Activation of purified prothrombin with platelets combined with various crude biochemical preparations. Am. J. Physiol 1954; 178: 1
- 3 Ware A. G, Guest M. M, Seegers W. H. Fibrinogen: with special reference to its preparation and certain properties of the product. Arch. Biochem 1947; 13: 231
- 4 Umbreit W. W, Burris R. H, Stauffer J. F. Manometric Techniques. Burgess Publishing Co; Minneapolis: 1957: 268
- 5 Bandurski R. S, Axelpod B. The chromatographic identification of some biologically important phosphate esters. J. Biol. Chem 193: 405 1951;
- 6 Seegers W. H, Levine W. G, Shepard R. S. Further studies on the purification of thrombin. Can. J. Biochem. Physiol 1958; 36: 603
- 7 Hartmann R. C, Conley C. L. Clot retraction as a measure of platelet function, I. Effects of Certain experimental conditions on platelets in vitro. Bull. J. Hopkins Hospital 1953; 93: 355
- 8 Ballerini G. 5-OH-Triptamina e retrazione del coagulo. Progr. Medico 1955; 11: 455
- 9 Fenichel R. L, Seegers W. H. Bovine platelets, serotonin and the retraction of bovine plasma clots. Amer. J. Physiol 1955; 181: 19
- 10 Fenichel R. L, Seegers W. H. Studies on human clot retraction. J. Applied Physiol 1957; 10: 71
- 11 Deutsch E, Martiny K. The influence of serotonin on clot retraction. Thromb. Diath. haem 1958; 2: 111
- 12 Hartert H. Ein Retraktions-cofaktor in serum. Klin. Wschr 1954; 32: 139
- 13 Lüscher E. F. Glucose als Cofaktor bei der Retraktion des Blutgerinnsels. Experientia 1956; 12: 294
- 14 Gross R, Staufenberg E. Über den Einfluß von 5-Hydroxytryptamin (Serotonin), 5-Hydroxytryptophan und von Serotoninantagonisten auf die Retraktion von Blutgerinnseln, Thromb. Diath. haem 1958; 2: 125
- 15 Bounameaux Y. Recherches sur le méchanisme de la rétraction du caillot et de la métamorphose visqueuse des plaquettes. Experientia 1956; 12: 355
- 16 Hartert H, Lasch H. G, Pfisterer L. Charakterisierung und Funktion eines Retraktions-Cofaktor. Thromb. Diath. haem 1957; 1: 445
- 17 Savitsky J. P. A plasma factor for platelet adhesiveness and clot retraction acceleration. Blood 1953; 8: 1901
- 18 Seegers W. H. The activation of prothrombin. Angiology 1956; 7: 436
-
References
- 1 Seegers W. H. The purification of prothrombin. Rec. Chem. Prog 1952; 13: 143
- 2 Seegers W. H, Johnson S. A, Fell C, Alkjaersig N. Activation of purified prothrombin with platelets combined with various crude biochemical preparations. Am. J. Physiol 1954; 178: 1
- 3 Ware A. G, Guest M. M, Seegers W. H. Fibrinogen: with special reference to its preparation and certain properties of the product. Arch. Biochem 1947; 13: 231
- 4 Umbreit W. W, Burris R. H, Stauffer J. F. Manometric Techniques. Burgess Publishing Co; Minneapolis: 1957: 268
- 5 Bandurski R. S, Axelpod B. The chromatographic identification of some biologically important phosphate esters. J. Biol. Chem 193: 405 1951;
- 6 Seegers W. H, Levine W. G, Shepard R. S. Further studies on the purification of thrombin. Can. J. Biochem. Physiol 1958; 36: 603
- 7 Hartmann R. C, Conley C. L. Clot retraction as a measure of platelet function, I. Effects of Certain experimental conditions on platelets in vitro. Bull. J. Hopkins Hospital 1953; 93: 355
- 8 Ballerini G. 5-OH-Triptamina e retrazione del coagulo. Progr. Medico 1955; 11: 455
- 9 Fenichel R. L, Seegers W. H. Bovine platelets, serotonin and the retraction of bovine plasma clots. Amer. J. Physiol 1955; 181: 19
- 10 Fenichel R. L, Seegers W. H. Studies on human clot retraction. J. Applied Physiol 1957; 10: 71
- 11 Deutsch E, Martiny K. The influence of serotonin on clot retraction. Thromb. Diath. haem 1958; 2: 111
- 12 Hartert H. Ein Retraktions-cofaktor in serum. Klin. Wschr 1954; 32: 139
- 13 Lüscher E. F. Glucose als Cofaktor bei der Retraktion des Blutgerinnsels. Experientia 1956; 12: 294
- 14 Gross R, Staufenberg E. Über den Einfluß von 5-Hydroxytryptamin (Serotonin), 5-Hydroxytryptophan und von Serotoninantagonisten auf die Retraktion von Blutgerinnseln, Thromb. Diath. haem 1958; 2: 125
- 15 Bounameaux Y. Recherches sur le méchanisme de la rétraction du caillot et de la métamorphose visqueuse des plaquettes. Experientia 1956; 12: 355
- 16 Hartert H, Lasch H. G, Pfisterer L. Charakterisierung und Funktion eines Retraktions-Cofaktor. Thromb. Diath. haem 1957; 1: 445
- 17 Savitsky J. P. A plasma factor for platelet adhesiveness and clot retraction acceleration. Blood 1953; 8: 1901
- 18 Seegers W. H. The activation of prothrombin. Angiology 1956; 7: 436