Synthesis 2019; 51(23): 4443-4451
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1690198
paper
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York

The Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Indolactam Alkaloids

Manuel Mendoza
a   Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA   Email: kbillingsley@fullerton.edu
,
Ryan Eom
b   Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
,
Celeste Salas
a   Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA   Email: kbillingsley@fullerton.edu
,
Jeremy Haynes-Smith
c   Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
,
a   Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA   Email: kbillingsley@fullerton.edu
› Author Affiliations
This research was financially supported by start-up funds granted by the College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics at California State University, Fullerton. Instrumentation support was provided by the National Science Foundation MRI (CHE-1726903) for acquisition of a UPLC-MS system.
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Publication History

Received: 17 July 2019

Accepted after revision: 13 August 2019

Publication Date:
30 August 2019 (online)


Abstract

In this work, we execute a general synthetic strategy to access novel indolactam alkaloids, which are agonists of protein kinase C. This protocol allowed for the most efficient reported syntheses of indolactam V (ILV) stereoisomers, while also affording the large-scale production of natural product (–)-ILV. Structure–activity studies were conducted with these compounds to elucidate the elements necessary to promote PKC-mediated cellular response. EC50 measurements in leukemia and lymphoma cell lines, as well as molecular docking analyses with the PKCδ C1B domain, provided the foundation for these studies. A distinct correlation between in vitro activity and the conformation of the macrocyclic lactam ring was discovered, which can guide design efforts for therapeutics that target the PKC regulatory domain.

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