Download PDF
J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2021; 82(01): 027-071
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1723801
Typical Orbital Pathologies
Review Article

Primary and Secondary Optic Nerve Sheath Meningioma

Elena Solli
1   Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
2   Divisions of Neuro-ophthalmology and Oculoplastics/Orbital Surgery, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, United States
,
Roger E. Turbin
2   Divisions of Neuro-ophthalmology and Oculoplastics/Orbital Surgery, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, United States
› Author Affiliations Financial Support This study received fund from Gene C. Coppa Memorial Endowment, Newark, New Jersey; the organization had no role in the design or conduct of this manuscript.
› Further Information
Also available at
    Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

Objective This study was aimed to review issues relating to the recognition, radiographic diagnosis, monitoring, and management of primary and secondary optic nerve sheath meningioma (ONSM).

Design This study is a review of peer-reviewed literature combined with illustrative case studies.

Participants and Methods A literature search was conducted via the PubMed database using pertinent search terms. Selected articles were limited to those written or translated into English. Additional works cited within articles were also included. Individual cases were drawn from the experience of a tertiary academic neuroophthalmic and orbital practice. Tables summarize radiotherapeutic and surgical studies, excluding single case reports and studies focusing on meningioma of intracranial origin.

Main Outcome Measurements Review of reported surgical and radiotherapeutic series is the primary measurement.

Results The natural history of optic nerve sheath meningiomas is primarily characterized by progressive ipsilateral vision loss. Diagnosis is typically based on radiographic imaging findings, with biopsy remaining indicated in some patients. Management strategies may include observation, radiation, and/or surgical intervention, or a combination of these approaches. The role of surgery, especially with respect to primary ONSM (pONSM), remains controversial. Advancement of radiotherapy techniques has shifted modern treatment paradigms in pONSM toward radiation as primary treatment, as surgical outcomes are inferior in major studies. Although radiation remains the treatment of choice in many cases, selected patients may benefit from surgery, especially in the setting of secondary ONSM (sONSM).

Conclusion A wide variety of radiotherapeutic and surgical treatment modalities for ONSM exist. The specific indications for each management strategy continue to be redefined.

Keywords

optic nerve sheath meningioma - optic nerve tumor - orbital meningioma - orbital tumor - radiation - radiotherapy - surgery


Publication History

Article published online:
18 February 2021

© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

  • References

  • 1 Dutton JJ. Optic nerve sheath meningiomas. Surv Ophthalmol 1992; 37 (03) 167-183
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Parker RT, Ovens CA, Fraser CL, Samarawickrama C. Optic nerve sheath meningiomas: prevalence, impact, and management strategies. Eye Brain 2018; 10: 85-99
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Ohtsuka K, Hashimoto M, Suzuki Y. A review of 244 orbital tumors in Japanese patients during a 21-year period: origins and locations. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2005; 49 (01) 49-55
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Shields JA, Shields CL, Scartozzi R. Survey of 1264 patients with orbital tumors and simulating lesions: the 2002 Montgomery Lecture, part 1. Ophthalmology 2004; 111 (05) 997-1008
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Lindegaard J, Heegaard S, Prause JU. Histopathologically verified non-vascular optic nerve lesions in Denmark 1940-99. Acta Ophthalmol Scand 2002; 80 (01) 32-37
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Shapey J, Sabin HI, Danesh-Meyer HV, Kaye AH. Diagnosis and management of optic nerve sheath meningiomas. J Clin Neurosci 2013; 20 (08) 1045-1056
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Eddleman CS, Liu JK. Optic nerve sheath meningioma: current diagnosis and treatment. Neurosurg Focus 2007; 23 (05) E4
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Jeremic B, Pitz S. Overall introduction, problem definition, incidence. In: Jeremic B, Pitz S. eds. Primary Optic Nerve Sheath Meningioma. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag; 2008: 1-6
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Miller NR. Primary tumours of the optic nerve and its sheath. Eye (Lond) 2004; 18 (11) 1026-1037
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Turbin RE, Pokorny K. Diagnosis and treatment of orbital optic nerve sheath meningioma. Cancer Contr 2004; 11 (05) 334-341
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Hwang CJ, Patel BCK, Singh Aeds. Clinical Ophthalmic Oncology: Orbital Tumors. Switzerland: Springer; 2019
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Bloch O, Sun M, Kaur G, Barani IJ, Parsa AT. Fractionated radiotherapy for optic nerve sheath meningiomas. J Clin Neurosci 2012; 19 (09) 1210-1215
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Kim JW, Rizzo JF, Lessell S. Controversies in the management of optic nerve sheath meningiomas. Int Ophthalmol Clin 2005; 45 (04) 15-23
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Gündüz K, Kurt RA, Erden E. Ectopic orbital meningioma: report of two cases and literature review. Surv Ophthalmol 2014; 59 (06) 643-648
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Tan LT, Stewart CM, Sheerin F, MacDonald B, Silva P, Norris JH. Ectopic orbital meningioma: fact or fiction?. Orbit 2017; 36 (03) 144-146
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Saeed P, Rootman J, Nugent RA, White VA, Mackenzie IR, Koornneef L. Optic nerve sheath meningiomas. Ophthalmology 2003; 110 (10) 2019-2030
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Misra S, Misra N, Gogri P, Mehta R. A rare case of bilateral optic nerve sheath meningioma. Indian J Ophthalmol 2014; 62 (06) 728-730
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Nickel M, Löbel U, Holst B. et al. Unexplained loss of vision in a child: consider bilateral primary optic nerve sheath meningioma. Neuropediatrics 2014; 45 (05) 321-324
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Cohn EM. Optic nerve sheath meningioma. Neuroradiologic findings. J Clin Neuroophthalmol 1983; 3 (02) 85-89
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Craig WM, Gogela LJ. Intraorbital meningiomas; a clinicopathologic study. Am J Ophthalmol 1949; 32 (12) 1663-1680 , illust
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Turbin RE, Kennerdell JS. Clinical evaluation of primary optic nerve sheath meningioma. In: Jeremic B, Pitz S. eds. Primary Optic Nerve Sheath Meningioma. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag; 2008: 17-37
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Wright JE, Call NB, Liaricos S. Primary optic nerve meningioma. Br J Ophthalmol 1980; 64 (08) 553-558
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Trobe JD, Glaser JS, Post JD, Page LK. Bilateral optic canal meningiomas: a case report. Neurosurgery 1978; 3 (01) 68-74
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Lewis T, Kingsley D, Moseley I. Do bilateral optic nerve sheath meningiomas exist?. Br J Neurosurg 1991; 5 (01) 13-18
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Carrasco JR, Penne RB. Optic nerve sheath meningiomas and advanced treatment options. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2004; 15 (05) 406-410
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Wilson WB. Meningiomas of the anterior visual system. Surv Ophthalmol 1981; 26 (03) 109-127
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Lee HB, Garrity JA, Cameron JD, Strianese D, Bonavolontà G, Patrinely JR. Primary optic nerve sheath meningioma in children. Surv Ophthalmol 2008; 53 (06) 543-558
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Wright JE, McNab AA, McDonald WI. Primary optic nerve sheath meningioma. Br J Ophthalmol 1989; 73 (12) 960-966
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Miller NR. New concepts in the diagnosis and management of optic nerve sheath meningioma. J Neuroophthalmol 2006; 26 (03) 200-208
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Sibony PA, Krauss HR, Kennerdell JS, Maroon JC, Slamovits TL. Optic nerve sheath meningiomas. Clinical manifestations. Ophthalmology 1984; 91 (11) 1313-1326
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Whittle IR, Smith C, Navoo P, Collie D. Meningiomas. Lancet 2004; 363 (9420): 1535-1543
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Bosch MM, Wichmann WW, Boltshauser E, Landau K. Optic nerve sheath meningiomas in patients with neurofibromatosis type 2. Arch Ophthalmol 2006; 124 (03) 379-385
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Li P, Wang Z, Zhou Q. et al. A retrospective analysis of vision-impairing tumors among 467 patients with neurofibromatosis type 2. World Neurosurg 2017; 97: 557-564
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 34 Narayan DS, Traber GL, Figueira E. et al. Natural history of primary paediatric optic nerve sheath meningioma: case series and review. Br J Ophthalmol 2018; 102 (08) 1147-1153
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 Narayan S, Cornblath WT, Sandler HM, Elner V, Hayman JA. Preliminary visual outcomes after three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy for optic nerve sheath meningioma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2003; 56 (02) 537-543
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Monteiro MLR, Gonçalves ACP, Siqueira SAC, Gebrim EMM. Optic nerve sheath meningioma in the first decade of life: case report and review of the literature. Case Rep Ophthalmol 2012; 3 (02) 270-276
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 37 Levin LA, Jakobiec FA. Optic nerve tumors of childhood: a decision-analytical approach to their diagnosis. Int Ophthalmol Clin 1992; 32 (01) 223-240
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 38 Alper MG. Management of primary optic nerve meningiomas. Current status--therapy in controversy. J Clin Neuroophthalmol 1981; 1 (02) 101-117
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 39 Friedman DL, Whitton J, Leisenring W. et al. Subsequent neoplasms in 5-year survivors of childhood cancer: the childhood cancer survivor study. J Natl Cancer Inst 2010; 102 (14) 1083-1095
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 40 Godlewski B, Drummond KJ, Kaye AH. Radiation-induced meningiomas after high-dose cranial irradiation. J Clin Neurosci 2012; 19 (12) 1627-1635
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 41 Bosch MM, Boltshauser E, Harpes P, Landau K. Ophthalmologic findings and long-term course in patients with neurofibromatosis type 2. Am J Ophthalmol 2006; 141 (06) 1068-1077
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 42 Baser ME, Evans DG, Jackler RK, Sujansky E, Rubenstein A. Neurofibromatosis 2, radiosurgery and malignant nervous system tumours. Br J Cancer 2000; 82 (04) 998
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 43 Tan ACS, Chen L, Png R, Chia A. The diagnosis and assessment of visual function in Singaporean children with electrophysiology: 10-year results. Doc Ophthalmol 2016; 132 (03) 189-199
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 44 Jayanetti V, Klistorner AI, Graham SL. et al. Monitoring of optic nerve function in neurofibromatosis 2 children with optic nerve sheath meningiomas using multifocal visual evoked potentials. J Clin Neurosci 2018; 50: 262-267
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 45 Kahraman-Koytak P, Bruce BB, Peragallo JH, Newman NJ, Biousse V. Diagnostic errors in initial misdiagnosis of optic nerve sheath meningiomas. JAMA Neurol 2019; 76 (03) 326-332
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 46 Mao J-F, Xia X-B, Tang X-B, Zhang X-Y, Wen D. Analyses on the misdiagnoses of 25 patients with unilateral optic nerve sheath meningioma. Int J Ophthalmol 2016; 9 (09) 1315-1319
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 47 Kalen BD, Hess RA, Abi-Aad KR. et al. Addressing misdiagnosis of optic nerve sheath meningiomas. World Neurosurg 2020; 133: 419-420
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 48 Ling JD, Chao D, Al Zubidi N, Lee AG. Big red flags in neuro-ophthalmology. Can J Ophthalmol 2013; 48 (01) 3-7
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 49 Moster ML. Detection and treatment of optic nerve sheath meningioma. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2005; 5 (05) 367-375
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 50 Orcutt JC, Tucker WM, Mills RP, Smith CH. Gaze-evoked amaurosis. Ophthalmology 1987; 94 (03) 213-218
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 51 Smith JL, Vuksanovic MM, Yates BM, Bienfang DC. Radiation therapy for primary optic nerve meningiomas. J Clin Neuroophthalmol 1981; 1 (02) 85-99
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 52 Bradbury PG, Levy IS, McDonald WI. Transient uniocular visual loss on deviation of the eye in association with intraorbital tumours. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1987; 50 (05) 615-619
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 53 Turbin RE, Thompson CR, Kennerdell JS, Cockerham KP, Kupersmith MJ. A long-term visual outcome comparison in patients with optic nerve sheath meningioma managed with observation, surgery, radiotherapy, or surgery and radiotherapy. Ophthalmology 2002; 109 (05) 890-899 , discussion 899–900
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 54 Masuyama Y, Kodama Y, Matsuura Y, Sawada A, Harada K, Tsuchiya T. Clinical studies on the occurrence and the pathogenesis of optociliary veins. J Clin Neuroophthalmol 1990; 10 (01) 1-8
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 55 Perlmutter JC, Klingele TG, Hart Jr. WM, Burde RM. Disappearing opticociliary shunt vessels and pseudotumor cerebri. Am J Ophthalmol 1980; 89 (05) 703-707
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 56 Okamoto N, Suzuki A, Ohnishi M, Fukuda M. The formation and involution of optociliary veins during the course of central retinal vein occlusion. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2000; 44 (03) 312-313
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 57 Schick U, Dott U, Hassler W. Surgical management of meningiomas involving the optic nerve sheath. J Neurosurg 2004; 101 (06) 951-959
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 58 Schick U, Jung C, Hassler WE. Primary optic nerve sheath meningiomas: a follow-up study. Cent Eur Neurosurg 2010; 71 (03) 126-133
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 59 Karp LA, Zimmerman LE, Borit A, Spencer W. Primary intraorbital meningiomas. Arch Ophthalmol 1974; 91 (01) 24-28
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 60 Mafee MF, Goodwin J, Dorodi S. Optic nerve sheath meningiomas. Role of MR imaging. Radiol Clin North Am 1999; 37 (01) 37-58 , ix ix
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 61 Samarawickrama C, Frydenberg E, Wells M, Steel T, Ghabrial R. An unusual radiological presentation of optic nerve sheath meningioma. Saudi J Ophthalmol 2016; 30 (02) 137-139
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 62 Nabavizadeh SA, Santi M, Belasco JB, Zimmerman RA. Primary atypical optic nerve sheath meningioma in a child with restricted diffusion on magnetic resonance imaging. J Neuroophthalmol 2014; 34 (02) 173-176
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 63 Savignac A, Lecler A. Optic nerve meningioma mimicking cavernous hemangioma. World Neurosurg 2018; 110: 301-302
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 64 Galldiks N, Albert NL, Sommerauer M. et al. PET imaging in patients with meningioma-report of the RANO/PET group. Neuro-oncol 2017; 19 (12) 1576-1587
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 65 Rachinger W, Stoecklein VM, Terpolilli NA. et al. Increased 68Ga-DOTATATE uptake in PET imaging discriminates meningioma and tumor-free tissue. J Nucl Med 2015; 56 (03) 347-353
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 66 Gehler B, Paulsen F, Oksüz MÖ. et al. [68Ga]-DOTATOC-PET/CT for meningioma IMRT treatment planning. Radiat Oncol 2009; 4 (01) 56
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 67 Dutour A, Kumar U, Panetta R. et al. Expression of somatostatin receptor subtypes in human brain tumors. Int J Cancer 1998; 76 (05) 620-627
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 68 Al Feghali KA, Yeboa DN, Chasen B, Gule MK, Johnson JM, Chung C. The use of 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT in the non-invasive diagnosis of optic nerve sheath meningioma: a case report. Front Oncol 2018; 8: 454
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 69 Antunes P, Ginj M, Zhang H. et al. Are radiogallium-labelled DOTA-conjugated somatostatin analogues superior to those labelled with other radiometals?. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2007; 34 (07) 982-993
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 70 Klingenstein A, Haug AR, Miller C, Hintschich C. Ga-68-DOTA-TATE PET/CT for discrimination of tumors of the optic pathway. Orbit 2015; 34 (01) 16-22
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 71 Mokhtarzadeh A, Maltry A, McClelland C. Waiting to deliver a final diagnosis. Surv Ophthalmol 2017; 62 (04) 583-586
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 72 Eckert F, Clasen K, Kelbsch C. et al. Retrospective analysis of fractionated intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in the interdisciplinary management of primary optic nerve sheath meningiomas. Radiat Oncol 2019; 14 (01) 240
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 73 Saeed P, Tanck MWT, Freling N, Baldeschi L, Mourits MP, Bennink RJ. Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy for optic nerve sheath meningiomas. Ophthalmology 2009; 116 (08) 1581-1586
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 74 Chandra P, Purandare N, Shah S, Agrawal A, Rangarajan V. Somatostatin receptor SPECT/CT using 99mTc Labeled HYNIC-TOC aids in diagnosis of primary optic nerve sheath meningioma. Indian J Nucl Med 2017; 32 (01) 63-65
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 75 Nussbaum-Hermassi L, Ahle G, Zaenker C, Duca C, Namer IJ. Optic nerve sheath meningioma detected by single- photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography somatostatin receptor scintigraphy: a case report. J Med Case Reports 2016; 10 (01) 96
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 76 Andrews DW, Faroozan R, Yang BP. et al. Fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy for the treatment of optic nerve sheath meningiomas: preliminary observations of 33 optic nerves in 30 patients with historical comparison to observation with or without prior surgery. Neurosurgery 2002; 51 (04) 890-902 , discussion 903–904
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 77 Khan SN, Sepahdari AR. Orbital masses: CT and MRI of common vascular lesions, benign tumors, and malignancies. Saudi J Ophthalmol 2012; 26 (04) 373-383
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 78 Kanamalla US. The optic nerve tram-track sign. Radiology 2003; 227 (03) 718-719
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 79 Johns TT, Citrin CM, Black JSherman JL. CT evaluation of perineural orbital lesions: evaluation of the “tram-track” sign. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1984; 5 (05) 587-590
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 80 Peyster RG, Hoover ED, Hershey BL, Haskin ME. High-resolution CT of lesions of the optic nerve. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1983; 140 (05) 869-874
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 81 Daniels DL, Williams AL, Syvertsen A, Gager WE, Harris GJ. CT recognition of optic nerve sheath meningioma: abnormal sheath visualization. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1982; 3 (02) 181-183
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 82 Ing EB, Garrity JA, Cross SA, Ebersold MJ. Sarcoid masquerading as optic nerve sheath meningioma. Mayo Clin Proc 1997; 72 (01) 38-43
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 83 Nair A, Behari S, Jain M, Jaiswal AK. Bilateral primary optic nerve sheath meningiomas with pneumosinus dilatans. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2011; 153 (12) 2495-2497
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 84 Hirst LW, Miller NR, Hodges III FJ, Corbett JJ, Thomspson S. Sphenoid pneumosinus dilatans. A sign of meningioma originating in the optic canal. Neuroradiology 1982; 22 (04) 207-210
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 85 Skolnick CA, Mafee MF, Goodwin JA. Pneumosinus dilatans of the sphenoid sinus presenting with visual loss. J Neuroophthalmol 2000; 20 (04) 259-263
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 86 Loo J-L, Tian J, Miller NR, Subramanian PS. Use of optical coherence tomography in predicting post-treatment visual outcome in anterior visual pathway meningiomas. Br J Ophthalmol 2013; 97 (11) 1455-1458
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 87 Alroughani R, Behbehani R. Optic nerve sheath meningioma masquerading as optic neuritis. Case Rep Neurol Med 2016; 2016: 5419432
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 88 Sawaya RA, Sidani C, Farah N, Hourani-Risk R. Presumed bilateral optic nerve sheath meningiomas presenting as optic neuritis. J Neuroophthalmol 2008; 28 (01) 55-57
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 89 Charpentier P, Mouriaux F. Total recovery of optic nerve sheath meningioma. BMJ Case Rep 2016; 2016: bcr2016215532
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 90 Seltzer S, Mark AS, Atlas SW. CNS sarcoidosis: evaluation with contrast-enhanced MR imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1991; 12 (06) 1227-1233
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 91 Nowak DA, Gumprecht H, Widenka DC, Stölzle A, Lumenta CB. Solitary sarcoid granulomatosis mimicking meningioma. J Neurosurg 2000; 93 (05) 897-897
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 92 Jackson A, Patankar T, Laitt RD. Intracanalicular optic nerve meningioma: a serious diagnostic pitfall. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2003; 24 (06) 1167-1170
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 93 Roberti F, Lee HH, Caputy AJ, Katz B. “Shave” biopsy of the optic nerve in isolated neurosarcoidosis. J Neurosurg Sci 2005; 49 (02) 59-63 , discussion 63
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 94 Micieli JA, Streutker CJ, McIntyre K. Isolated optic perineuritis as the presenting sign of sarcoidosis. J Neuroophthalmol 2020; 40 (02) 255-257
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 95 Parlin A, Dumitrescu A, Nunery WT, Timoney PJ, Sokol JA. Retrospective chart review of the use of imaging and biopsy in the diagnosis of optic nerve sheath meningiomas and intra-conal orbital lymphomas at a single institution. Orbit 2017; 36 (06) 392-396
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 96 Islam MN, Amin MS, Dipi RM, Khan NA. Comparison of computed tomographic and cytopathological findings in the evaluation of adult orbital mass. Mymensingh Med J 2013; 22 (01) 75-79
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 97 Bakbak B, Dönmez H, Kansu T, Kiratli H. Dural ectasia of the optic nerve sheath: is it always benign?. Eye Brain 2009; 1: 5-7
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 98 Liauw L, Vielvoye GJ, de Keizer RJ, van Duinen SG. Optic nerve glioma mimicking an optic nerve meningioma. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 1996; 98 (03) 258-261
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 99 Bains S, Kim U, Shanti R. Orbital melanoma with calcification: a diagnostic dilemma. Indian J Ophthalmol 2016; 64 (12) 932-934
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 100 Tunio MA, AlAsiri M, Riaz K, Abdulmoniem R. Optic nerve metastasis from squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2015; 25 (09) 694-695
    Google Scholar
  • 101 Cherekaev VA, Lasunin NV, Stepanian MA. et al. [Breast carcinoma metastasis to the optic nerve: case report and review of literature] (in Russian). Vopr Neirokhir 2013; 77 (03) 42-48 , discussion 48
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 102 Noshiro S, Wanibuchi M, Akiyama Y. et al. IgG4-related disease initially presented as an orbital mass lesion mimicking optic nerve sheath meningioma. Brain Tumor Pathol 2015; 32 (04) 286-290
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 103 Paulsen F, Doerr S, Wilhelm H, Becker G, Bamberg M, Classen J. Fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy in patients with optic nerve sheath meningioma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012; 82 (02) 773-778
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 104 Hickman SJ, Allen JA, Baisre A. et al. Neuro-ophthalmological complications of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. Neuroophthalmology 2013; 37 (04) 146-156
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 105 Egan RA, Lessell S. A contribution to the natural history of optic nerve sheath meningiomas. Arch Ophthalmol 2002; 120 (11) 1505-1508
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 106 Sasano H, Shikishima K, Aoki M, Sakai T, Tsutsumi Y, Nakano T. Efficacy of intensity-modulated radiation therapy for optic nerve sheath meningioma. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2019; 257 (10) 2297-2306
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 107 Adams G, Roos DE, Crompton JL. Radiotherapy for optic nerve sheath meningioma: a case for earlier intervention?. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2013; 25 (06) 356-361
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 108 Brower JV, Amdur RJ, Kirwan J, Mendenhall WM, Friedman W. Radiation therapy for optic nerve sheath meningioma. Pract Radiat Oncol 2013; 3 (03) 223-228
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 109 Lesser RL, Knisely JPS, Wang SL, Yu JB, Kupersmith MJ. Long-term response to fractionated radiotherapy of presumed optic nerve sheath meningioma. Br J Ophthalmol 2010; 94 (05) 559-563
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 110 Soldà F, Wharram B, Gunapala R, Brada M. Fractionated stereotactic conformal radiotherapy for optic nerve sheath meningiomas. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2012; 24 (08) e106-e112
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 111 Ratnayake G, Oh T, Mehta R. et al. Long-term treatment outcomes of patients with primary optic nerve sheath meningioma treated with stereotactic radiotherapy. J Clin Neurosci 2019; 68: 162-167
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 112 Abouaf L, Girard N, Lefort T. et al. Standard-fractionated radiotherapy for optic nerve sheath meningioma: visual outcome is predicted by mean eye dose. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012; 82 (03) 1268-1277
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 113 Kennerdell JS, Maroon JC, Malton M, Warren FA. The management of optic nerve sheath meningiomas. Am J Ophthalmol 1988; 106 (04) 450-457
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 114 Inoue T, Okuno Y, Nishiguchi I, Ikenaga K, Mimura O. Rapid recovery of vision following early intervention with fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy for optic nerve sheath meningioma. Int Med Case Rep J 2018; 11: 17-22
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 115 Jeremic B, Pitz S. Primary optic nerve sheath meningioma: stereotactic fractionated radiation therapy as an emerging treatment of choice. Cancer 2007; 110 (04) 714-722
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 116 Rassi MS, Prasad S, Can A, Pravdenkova S, Almefty R, Al-Mefty O. Prognostic factors in the surgical treatment of intracanalicular primary optic nerve sheath meningiomas. J Neurosurg 2018; 131 (02) 481-488
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 117 Roser F, Nakamura M, Martini-Thomas R, Samii M, Tatagiba M. The role of surgery in meningiomas involving the optic nerve sheath. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2006; 108 (05) 470-476
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 118 Maza G, Subramaniam S, Yanez-Siller JC, Otto BA, Prevedello DM, Carrau RL. The role of endonasal endoscopic optic nerve decompression as the initial management of primary optic nerve sheath meningiomas. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2019; 80 (06) 568-576
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 119 Metellus P, Kapoor S, Kharkar S. et al. Fractionated conformal radiotherapy for management of optic nerve sheath meningiomas: long-term outcomes of tumor control and visual function at a single institution. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011; 80 (01) 185-192
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 120 Adeberg S, Welzel T, Rieken S, Debus J, Combs SE. Prior surgical intervention and tumor size impact clinical outcome after precision radiotherapy for the treatment of optic nerve sheath meningiomas (ONSM). Radiat Oncol 2011; 6: 117
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 121 Hunt PJ, DeMonte F, Tang RA, Su SY, Raza SM. Surgical resection of an optic nerve sheath meningioma: relevance of endoscopic endonasal approaches to the optic canal. J Neurol Surg Rep 2017; 78 (02) e81-e85
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 122 Liu JK, Forman S, Moorthy CR, Benzil DL. Update on treatment modalities for optic nerve sheath meningiomas. Neurosurg Focus 2003; 14 (05) e7
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 123 Simpson D. The recurrence of intracranial meningiomas after surgical treatment. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1957; 20 (01) 22-39
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 124 Jeremic B. Conventional radiation therapy in primary optic nerve sheath meningioma. In: Jeremic B, Pitz S. eds. Primary Optic Nerve Sheath Meningioma. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag; 2008: 77-83
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 125 Byers WGM. Tumors of the optic nerve. JAMA 1914; 63: 20-24
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 126 Lo SS, Chao ST, Suh JH. 3D conformal RT. In: Jeremic B, Pitz S. eds. Primary Optic Nerve Sheath Meningioma. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag; 2008: 86-94
    Google Scholar
  • 127 Stieber VW. Radiation therapy for visual pathway tumors. J Neuroophthalmol 2008; 28 (03) 222-230
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 128 Moyer PD, Golnik KC, Breneman J. Treatment of optic nerve sheath meningioma with three-dimensional conformal radiation. Am J Ophthalmol 2000; 129 (05) 694-696
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 129 Pandit R, Paris L, Rudich DS, Lesser RL, Kupersmith MJ, Miller NR. Long-term efficacy of fractionated conformal radiotherapy for the management of primary optic nerve sheath meningioma. Br J Ophthalmol 2019; 103 (10) 1436-1440
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 130 Tsao MN, Hoyt WF, Horton J. Improved visual outcome with definitive radiation therapy for optic nerve sheath meningioma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1991; 45S: 324-325
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 131 Uy NW, Woo SY, Teh BS. et al. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for meningioma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2002; 53 (05) 1265-1270
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 132 Grant III W, Cain RB. Intensity modulated conformal therapy for intracranial lesions. Med Dosim 1998; 23 (03) 237-241
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 133 Maclean J, Fersht N, Bremner F, Stacey C, Sivabalasingham S, Short S. Meningioma causing visual impairment: outcomes and toxicity after intensity modulated radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2013; 85 (04) e179-e186
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 134 Smee RI, Schneider M, Williams JR. Optic nerve sheath meningiomas--non-surgical treatment. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2009; 21 (01) 8-13
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 135 Augspurger ME, Teh BS, Uhl BM. et al. Conformal intensity modulated radiation therapy for the treatment of optic nerve sheath meningioma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1999; 45 (03) 324-324
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 136 Inoue T, Mimura O, Ikenaga K, Okuno Y, Nishiguchi I. The rapid improvement in visual field defect observed with weekly perimetry during intensity-modulated radiotherapy for optic nerve sheath meningioma. Int Cancer Conf J 2019; 8 (03) 136-140 DOI: 10.1007/s13691-019-00371-9.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 137 Jin J, Joo JD, Han JH. et al. Optic nerve sheath meningioma: preliminary analysis of the role of radiation therapy. Brain Tumor Res Treat 2018; 6 (01) 8-12
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 138 Schroeder TM, Yogeswaren ST, Augspurger ME. et al. Intensity modulated radiation therapy for optic nerve sheath meningioma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2004; 60 (01) S315
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 139 Jeremic B, Wasik MW, Villa S. et al. Stereotactic radiation therapy in primary optic nerve sheath meningioma. In: Jeremic B, Pitz S. eds. Primary Optic Nerve Sheath Meningioma. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag; 2008: 105-125
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 140 Becker G, Jeremic B, Pitz S. et al. Stereotactic fractionated radiotherapy in patients with optic nerve sheath meningioma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2002; 54 (05) 1422-1429
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 141 Liu JK, Forman S, Hershewe GL, Moorthy CR, Benzil DL. Optic nerve sheath meningiomas: visual improvement after stereotactic radiotherapy. Neurosurgery 2002; 50 (05) 950-955 , discussion 955–957
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 142 Pitz S, Becker G, Schiefer U. et al. Stereotactic fractionated irradiation of optic nerve sheath meningioma: a new treatment alternative. Br J Ophthalmol 2002; 86 (11) 1265-1268
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 143 Baumert BG, Villà S, Studer G. et al. Early improvements in vision after fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy for primary optic nerve sheath meningioma. Radiother Oncol 2004; 72 (02) 169-174
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 144 Landert M, Baumert BG, Bosch MM, Lütolf UM, Landau K. The visual impact of fractionated stereotactic conformal radiotherapy on seven eyes with optic nerve sheath meningiomas. J Neuroophthalmol 2005; 25 (02) 86-91
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 145 Richards JC, Roden D, Harper CS. Management of sight-threatening optic nerve sheath meningioma with fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2005; 33 (02) 137-141
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 146 Sitathanee C, Dhanachai M, Poonyathalang A, Tuntiyatorn L, Theerapancharoen V. Stereotactic radiation therapy for optic nerve sheath meningioma; an experience at Ramathibodi Hospital. J Med Assoc Thai 2006; 89 (10) 1665-1669
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 147 Litré CF, Noudel R, Colin P, Sherpereel B, Peruzzi P, Rousseaux P. [Fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy for optic nerve sheath meningioma: eight cases] (in French). Neurochirurgie 2007; 53 (05) 333-338
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 148 Milker-Zabel S, Huber P, Schlegel W, Debus J, Zabel-du Bois A. Fractionated stereotactic radiation therapy in the management of primary optic nerve sheath meningiomas. J Neurooncol 2009; 94 (03) 419-424
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 149 Pacelli R, Cella L, Conson M. et al. Fractionated stereotactic radiation therapy for orbital optic nerve sheath meningioma - a single institution experience and a short review of the literature. J Radiat Res (Tokyo) 2011; 52 (01) 82-87
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 150 Kheir V, Faouzi M, Borruat F-X. Visual outcomes of fractionated radiotherapy in optic nerve sheath meningioma: a retrospective study. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd 2019; 236 (04) 526-529
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 151 Hamilton SN, Nichol A, Truong P. et al. Visual outcomes and local control after fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy for optic nerve sheath meningioma. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 2018; 34 (03) 217-221
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 152 Marchetti M, Bianchi S, Milanesi I. et al. Multisession radiosurgery for optic nerve sheath meningiomas--an effective option: preliminary results of a single-center experience. Neurosurgery 2011; 69 (05) 1116-1122 , discussion 1122–1123
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 153 Romanelli P, Bianchi L, Muacevic A, Beltramo G. Staged image guided robotic radiosurgery for optic nerve sheath meningiomas. Comput Aided Surg 2011; 16 (06) 257-266
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 154 Liu D, Xu D, Zhang Z. et al. Long-term results of Gamma knife surgery for optic nerve sheath meningioma. J Neurosurg 2010; 113 (suppl): 28-33
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 155 Kaul D, Badakhshi H, Gevaert T. et al. Dosimetric comparison of different treatment modalities for stereotactic radiosurgery of meningioma. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2015; 157 (04) 559-563 , discussion 563–564
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 156 Romanelli P, Wowra B, Muacevic A. Multisession CyberKnife radiosurgery for optic nerve sheath meningiomas. Neurosurg Focus 2007; 23 (06) E11
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 157 Kooshkabadi A, Elchin I, Kano H, Lunsford LD. Prolonged vision return after radiosurgery for an optic nerve-sheath meningioma. J Radiosurg SBRT 2012; 2 (01) 73-77
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 158 Weber DC, Lomax AJ, Rutz HP. et al; Swiss Proton Users Group. Spot-scanning proton radiation therapy for recurrent, residual or untreated intracranial meningiomas. Radiother Oncol 2004; 71 (03) 251-258
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 159 Lesueur P, Calugaru V, Nauraye C. et al. Proton therapy for treatment of intracranial benign tumors in adults: a systematic review. Cancer Treat Rev 2019; 72: 56-64
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 160 Lomax AJ, Bortfeld T, Goitein G. et al. A treatment planning inter-comparison of proton and intensity modulated photon radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 1999; 51 (03) 257-271
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 161 Arvold ND, Lessell S, Bussiere M. et al. Visual outcome and tumor control after conformal radiotherapy for patients with optic nerve sheath meningioma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009; 75 (04) 1166-1172
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 162 Redjal N, Agarwalla PK, Dietrich J. et al. Remote acute demyelination after focal proton radiation therapy for optic nerve meningioma. J Clin Neurosci 2015; 22 (08) 1367-1369
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 163 Becker G, Kocher M, Kortmann R-D. et al. Radiation therapy in the multimodal treatment approach of pituitary adenoma. Strahlenther Onkol 2002; 178 (04) 173-186
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 164 Brada M, Rajan B, Traish D. et al. The long-term efficacy of conservative surgery and radiotherapy in the control of pituitary adenomas. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1993; 38 (06) 571-578
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 165 Parsons JT, Bova FJ, Fitzgerald CR, Mendenhall WM, Million RR. Radiation optic neuropathy after megavoltage external-beam irradiation: analysis of time-dose factors. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1994; 30 (04) 755-763
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 166 Goldsmith BJ, Rosenthal SA, Wara WM, Larson DA. Optic neuropathy after irradiation of meningioma. Radiology 1992; 185 (01) 71-76
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 167 Vagefi MR, Larson DA, Horton JC. Optic nerve sheath meningioma: visual improvement during radiation treatment. Am J Ophthalmol 2006; 142 (02) 343-344
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 168 Stafford SL, Pollock BE, Leavitt JA. et al. A study on the radiation tolerance of the optic nerves and chiasm after stereotactic radiosurgery. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2003; 55 (05) 1177-1181
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 169 Leber KA, Berglöff J, Pendl G. Dose-response tolerance of the visual pathways and cranial nerves of the cavernous sinus to stereotactic radiosurgery. J Neurosurg 1998; 88 (01) 43-50
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 170 Saeed P, Blank L, Selva D. et al. Primary radiotherapy in progressive optic nerve sheath meningiomas: a long-term follow-up study. Br J Ophthalmol 2010; 94 (05) 564-568
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 171 Cristante L. Surgical treatment of meningiomas of the orbit and optic canal: a retrospective study with particular attention to the visual outcome. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 1994; 126 (01) 27-32
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 172 Yüceer N, Erdogan A, Ziya H. Primary optic nerve sheath meningiomas. Report of seven cases (clinical neuroradiological, pathological and surgical considerations in seven cases). J Neurosurg Sci 1994; 38 (03) 155-159
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 173 Clark WC, Theofilos CS, Fleming JC. Primary optic nerve sheath meningiomas. Report of nine cases. J Neurosurg 1989; 70 (01) 37-40
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 174 Juniat V, McGilligan JA, Curragh D, Selva D, Rajak S. Endoscopic orbital decompression for proptosis in non-thyroid eye disease. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 24 (01) 85-91
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 175 Zoia C, Bongetta D, Pagella F, Antoniazzi ER, Gaetani P. New surgical option for optic nerve sheath meningiomas: fully endoscopic transnasal approach. Can J Ophthalmol 2018; 53 (04) e142-e144
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 176 Chen H, Zhang Q, Tan S, Fu H, Farris BK, Yang Z. Update on the application of optic nerve sheath fenestration. Restor Neurol Neurosci 2017; 35 (03) 275-286
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 177 Gündüz K, Catak E, Erden E. Optic nerve biopsy via a medial transconjunctival orbitotomy approach in the diagnosis of optic nerve and sheath tumors. Orbit 2010; 29 (04) 190-193
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 178 Meeker AR, Ko MW, Carruth BP, Strumpf KB, Bersani TA. Diagnosis of optic nerve sheath meningioma during optic nerve sheath decompression. Orbit 2017; 36 (01) 35-38
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 179 Turbin RE, Wladis EJ, Frohman LP, Langer PD, Kennerdell JS. Role for surgery as adjuvant therapy in optic nerve sheath meningioma. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 2006; 22 (04) 278-282
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 180 Jaggi GP, Mironov A, Huber AR, Killer HE. Optic nerve compartment syndrome in a patient with optic nerve sheath meningioma. Eur J Ophthalmol 2007; 17 (03) 454-458
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 181 Pletcher SD, Sindwani R, Metson R. Endoscopic orbital and optic nerve decompression. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2006; 39 (05) 943-958 , vi vi
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 182 Pletcher SD, Metson R. Endoscopic optic nerve decompression for nontraumatic optic neuropathy. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2007; 133 (08) 780-783
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 183 Shin M, Kondo K, Hanakita S. et al. Endoscopic transnasal approach for resection of locally aggressive tumors in the orbit. J Neurosurg 2015; 123 (03) 748-759
    Google Scholar
  • 184 Berhouma M, Jacquesson T, Abouaf L, Vighetto A, Jouanneau E. Endoscopic endonasal optic nerve and orbital apex decompression for nontraumatic optic neuropathy: surgical nuances and review of the literature. Neurosurg Focus 2014; 37 (04) E19
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 185 Hayhurst C, Sughrue ME, Gore PA, Bonney PA, Burks JD, Teo C. Results with expanded endonasal resection of skull base meningiomas technical nuances and approach selection based on an early experience. Turk Neurosurg 2016; 26 (05) 662-670
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 186 Lehmberg J, Krieg SM, Mueller B, Meyer B. Impact of anterior clinoidectomy on visual function after resection of meningiomas in and around the optic canal. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2013; 155 (07) 1293-1299
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 187 Abhinav K, Acosta Y, Wang W-H. et al. Endoscopic endonasal approach to the optic canal: anatomic considerations and surgical relevance. Neurosurgery 2015; 11 (Suppl. 03) 431-445 , discussion 445–446
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 188 Abuzayed B, Kucukyuruk B, Tanriover N. et al. Transcranial superior orbitotomy for the treatment of intraorbital intraconal tumors: surgical technique and long-term results in single institute. Neurosurg Rev 2012; 35 (04) 573-582 , discussion 582
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 189 Ito M, Ishizawa A, Miyaoka M, Sato K, Ishii S. Intraorbital meningiomas. Surgical management and role of radiation therapy. Surg Neurol 1988; 29 (06) 448-453
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 190 Kuroda R, Nakatani J, Yorimae A, Nakao Y, Ohtori T. Clinical experience of intraorbital optic nerve sheath meningioma--report of eight cases. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 1990; 30 (07) 468-475
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 191 Hao J, Pircher A, Miller NR, Hsieh J, Remonda L, Killer HE. Cerebrospinal fluid and optic nerve sheath compartment syndrome: A common pathophysiological mechanism in five different cases?. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2020; 48 (02) 212-219
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 192 Hénaux P-L, Bretonnier M, Le Reste P-J, Morandi X. Modern management of meningiomas compressing the optic nerve: a systematic review. World Neurosurg 2018; 118: e677-e686
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 193 Carlson A, Stippler M, Morley S, Myers O. Predictive factors for vision recovery after optic nerve decompression for chronic compressive neuropathy: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2013; 74 (01) 20-38
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 194 Turbin RE, Kennerdell JS. Surgery in primary optic nerve sheath meningioma. In: Jeremic B, Pitz S. eds. Primary Optic Nerve Sheath Meningioma. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag; 2008: 67-76
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 195 Mourits MP, van der Sprenkel JWB. Orbital meningioma, the Utrecht experience. Orbit 2001; 20 (01) 25-33
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 196 Zweckberger K, Unterberg AW, Schick U. Pre-chiasmatic transection of the optic nerve can save contralateral vision in patients with optic nerve sheath meningioms. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2013; 115 (12) 2426-2431
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 197 Furdová A, Babál P, Kobzová D. Optic nerve orbital meningioma. Cesk Slov Oftalmol 2018; 74 (01) 23-30
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 198 Samples JR, Robertson DM, Taylor JZ, Waller RR. Optic nerve meningioma. Ophthalmology 1983; 90 (12) 1591-1594
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 199 Thom M, Martinian L. Progesterone receptors are expressed with higher frequency by optic nerve sheath meningiomas. Clin Neuropathol 2002; 21 (01) 5-8
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 200 Gupta S, Bi WL, Dunn IF. Medical management of meningioma in the era of precision medicine. Neurosurg Focus 2018; 44 (04) E3
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 201 Goldbrunner R, Minniti G, Preusser M. et al. EANO guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of meningiomas. Lancet Oncol 2016; 17 (09) e383-e391
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 202 Chamberlain MC. IFN-α for recurrent surgery- and radiation-refractory high-grade meningioma: a retrospective case series. CNS Oncol 2013; 2 (03) 227-235
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 203 Karsy M, Guan J, Cohen A, Colman H, Jensen RL. Medical management of meningiomas: current status, failed treatments, and promising horizons. Neurosurg Clin N Am 2016; 27 (02) 249-260
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 204 Kaley T, Nabors LB. Management of central nervous system tumors. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2019; 17 (5.5): 579-582
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 205 Newton HB, Scott SR, Volpi C. Hydroxyurea chemotherapy for meningiomas: enlarged cohort with extended follow-up. Br J Neurosurg 2004; 18 (05) 495-499
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 206 Saraf S, McCarthy BJ, Villano JL. Update on meningiomas. Oncologist 2011; 16 (11) 1604-1613
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 207 Paus S, Klockgether T, Urbach H, Schlegel U. Meningioma of the optic nerve sheath: treatment with hydroxyurea. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2003; 74 (09) 1348-1350
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 208 Zeng C, Guo B, Chen J, He W. Antitumor effects of Farnesol in optic nerve sheath meningioma cell line and its effects on cell cycle progression, autophagy, cell migration and invasion. J BUON 2019; 24 (05) 2168-2172
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 209 Chen Y, Tang Y-M, Yu S-L. et al. Advances in the pharmacological activities and mechanisms of diosgenin. Chin J Nat Med 2015; 13 (08) 578-587
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 210 Zhu X, Chen Z, Li X. Diosgenin inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of the optic nerve sheath meningioma cells via induction of mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, autophagy and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. J BUON 2020; 25 (01) 508-513
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 211 Mearza AA, Aslanides IM. Uses and complications of mitomycin C in ophthalmology. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2007; 6 (01) 27-32
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 212 Dhoot DS, Shults WT, Ng JD. Successful use of mitomycin C to prevent recurrence of the cystic component of an optic nerve sheath meningioma. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 2008; 24 (03) 235-236
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar