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Semin Liver Dis 2021; 41(03): 235-247
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1725022
Review Article

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Cardiovascular Disease: Overlapping Mechanisms

Søren Møller
1   Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Center for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
2   Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
,
Nina Kimer
3   Gastro Unit, Medical Division, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Denmark
4   Bridge Translational Excellence Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
,
Thit Kronborg
3   Gastro Unit, Medical Division, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Denmark
,
Josephine Grandt
3   Gastro Unit, Medical Division, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Denmark
,
Jens Dahlgaard Hove
1   Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Center for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
5   Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
,
Mads Barløse
1   Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Center for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
,
Lise Lotte Gluud
2   Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
3   Gastro Unit, Medical Division, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Denmark
› Author Affiliations Financial Support Professor Søren Møller was supported by grants from the Novo Nordisk Foundation, The Capital Region of Copenhagen, and The University of Copenhagen.
MD Nina Kimer is postdoctoral fellow in the Bridge Translational Excellence Program, UCPH, via a grant from Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF18SA0034956).
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Abstract

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) denotes a condition with excess fat in the liver. The prevalence of NAFLD is increasing, averaging > 25% of the Western population. In 25% of the patients, NAFLD progresses to its more severe form: nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and >25% of these progress to cirrhosis following activation of inflammatory and fibrotic processes. NAFLD is associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome and represents a considerable and increasing health burden. In the near future, NAFLD cirrhosis is expected to be the most common cause for liver transplantation. NAFLD patients have an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease as well as liver-related morbidity. In addition, hepatic steatosis itself appears to represent an independent cardiovascular risk factor. In the present review, we provide an overview of the overlapping mechanisms and prevalence of NAFLD and cardiovascular disease.

Keywords

chronic liver diseases - nonalcoholic steatohepatitis - cirrhosis - atherosclerosis - coronary artery disease - diabetes - obesity


Publication History

Article published online:
15 May 2021

© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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