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Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2025; 73(03): 191-198
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1786039
Original Cardiovascular

Off-Pump Reduces Risk of Coronary Bypass Grafting in Patients with High MELD-XI Score

Markus Richter
1   Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Jena, Germany
,
Alexandros Moschovas
1   Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Jena, Germany
,
Steffen Bargenda
1   Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Jena, Germany
,
Sebastian Freiburger
1   Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Jena, Germany
,
Murat Mukharyamov
1   Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Jena, Germany
,
Tulio Caldonazo
1   Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Jena, Germany
,
Hristo Kirov
1   Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Jena, Germany
,
Torsten Doenst
1   Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Jena, Germany
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Abstract

Background This study aimed to assess the influence of the model of end-stage liver disease without International Normalized Ratio (INR) (MELD-XI) score on outcomes after elective coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) without (Off-Pump) or with (On-Pump) cardiopulmonary bypass.

Methods We calculated MELD-XI (5.11 × ln serum bilirubin + 11.76 × ln serum creatinine in + 9.44) for 3,535 consecutive patients having undergone elective CABG between 2009 and 2020. A MELD-XI threshold was determined using the Youden Index based on receiver operating characteristics. Propensity score matching and logistic regression was performed to identify risk factors for inhospital mortality and Major Adverse Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Event (MACCE).

Results Patients were 68 ± 10 years old (76% male). Average MELD-XI was 10.9 ± 3.25. The MELD-XI threshold was 11. Patients below this threshold had somewhat lower EuroSCORE II than those above (3.5 ± 4 vs. 4.1 ± 4.7, p < 0.01), but mortality was almost four times higher above the threshold (below 1.5% vs. above 6.2%, p < 0.001). Two-thirds of patients received Off-Pump CABG. There was a trend towards higher risk in Off-Pump patients. Mortality was numerically but not statistically different to On-Pump below the MELD XI threshold (1.3 vs. 2.2%, p = 0.34) and was significantly lower above the threshold (4.9 vs. 8.9%, p < 0.02). Off-Pump above the threshold was also associated with less low-output syndrome and fewer strokes. Equalizing baseline differences by propensity matching verified the significant mortality difference above the threshold. Multivariable regression analysis revealed MELD-XI, On-Pump, atrial fibrillation, and the De Ritis quotient (Aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT)/Alanine Aminotransferase (ALAT)) as independent predictors of mortality.

Conclusion Elective CABG patients with elevated MELD-XI scores are at increased risk for perioperative mortality and morbidity. This risk can be significantly mitigated by performing CABG Off-Pump.

Keywords

coronary artery bypass grafts surgery - CABG - Off-Pump surgery - cardiac

Supplementary Material



Publication History

Received: 14 December 2023

Accepted: 14 March 2024

Article published online:
23 May 2024

© 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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