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Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2024; 45(05): 582-592
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1787875
Review Article

Developing Interventions for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Audra J. Schwalk
1   Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
,
Niral M. Patel
2   Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
,
Nagendra Y. Madisi
3   Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
› Author Affiliations Funding None.
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Abstract

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an incurable, progressive respiratory disease that may have a significant negative impact on the morbidity and mortality of affected patients. A substantial portion of the world's population is affected by COPD, and despite optimal medical management with medications, supplemental oxygen, and pulmonary rehabilitation, many patients are left debilitated because of this disease. Bronchoscopic treatment modalities offer a less-invasive method for the treatment of refractory COPD compared to surgical interventions and have expanded the potential therapeutic options for these patients. Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction is aimed at decreasing the hyperinflation and air trapping that occur in emphysema, and the most studied and successful intervention is endobronchial valve placement. Endobronchial coils, polymeric sealants, and thermal ablation are other researched alternatives. Additional interventional procedures are being investigated for the treatment of the mucus hypersecretion and cough that are associated with the chronic bronchitis phenotype of COPD and include targeted lung denervation, metered dose spray cryotherapy, deobstruction balloon, and bronchial rheoplasty. This review summarizes the most recent evidence pertaining to available therapies for the management of COPD, including chronic bronchitis, with a particular focus on bronchoscopic interventions.

Keywords

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - emphysema - chronic bronchitis - bronchoscopic lung volume reduction - endobronchial valve - surgical lung volume reduction - targeted lung denervation - spray cryotherapy


Publication History

Article published online:
05 July 2024

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