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Semin intervent Radiol 2024; 41(04): 363-369
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1791279
Review Article

Pearls and Pitfalls in the Management of Vascular Anomalies

Omar Sanon
1   Division of Vascular Surgery, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, New York
,
Andrew Henderson
1   Division of Vascular Surgery, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, New York
,
Robert J. Rosen
2   The AVM Center of New York at Lenox Hill, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, New York, New York
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Abstract

Recent advancements in endovascular techniques have transformed the management of vascular malformations, shifting away from traditional surgical resections to less invasive methods like embolization and sclerotherapy. Vascular malformations are congenital anomalies resulting from embryonic angiogenesis failures, often misdiagnosed but manageable through a multidisciplinary approach. These malformations range from high-flow arteriovenous connections to low-flow venous, lymphatic, or mixed lesions, each requiring specific diagnostic and treatment strategies. Specific syndromes like Klippel–Trenaunay and Parkes–Weber require tailored approaches due to their unique presentations. Diagnosis relies on a combination of physical examination and advanced imaging techniques, including ultrasound and MRI. Treatment is focused on symptomatic relief and improving the patient's quality of life. Interventional treatment is indicated when conservative and/or medical management is insufficient. Surgical interventions remain relevant for select cases, often in a multidisciplinary context. Newer therapies, such as sirolimus, are emerging for complex, treatment-resistant cases.

Keywords

vascular malformations - Klippel–Trenaunay syndrome - arteriovenous malformation - direct stick embolization - interventional radiology


Publication History

Article published online:
07 November 2024

© 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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