Subscribe to RSS
DOI: 10.1055/s-2000-10685
Parameters Influencing the Yield and Composition of the Essential Oil from Cretan Vitex agnus-castus Fruits
Publication History
Publication Date:
31 December 2000 (online)
Abstract
Mature and immature fruits of a Cretan Vitex agnus-castus L. population were chosen to investigate different parameters such as comminution, maturity, distillation period and extraction method influencing the essential oil yield and composition. The effect of the comminution and the maturity of the plant material showed highly significant differences in yield and composition of the essential oils obtained, as well as the distillation duration from one to five hours and the method applied (hydrodistillation and simultaneous distillation extraction). The variation of 36 essential oil components due to the parameters applied was studied. The results showed that many different essential oil qualities can be obtained from the same plant material according to the parameters employed in its extraction. Entire fruits hydrodistilled for one hour yielded an oil much richer in monoterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated compounds whereas the best combination to obtain an oil rich in less volatile compounds is by SDE of comminuted fruits for five hours. For mature fruits the main components varied as follows due to the parameters studied: sabinene 16.4 - 44.1 %, 1,8-cineole 8.4 - 15.2 %, β-caryophyllene 2.1 - 5.0 %, and trans-β-farnesene 5.0 - 11.7 %.
Key words
Vitex agnus-castus - Verbenaceae - fruit - essential oil - yield - chemical composition - maturation - comminution - distillation period - solvent extraction - sabinene - 1,8-cineole - trans-β-farnesene - β-caryophyllene
References
-
1 Tutin T G,, Heywood V H,, Burges N A,, Valentine D H,, Walters S M,, Webb D A..
Flora Europaea, . Vol. 3,: 122, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge; 1972 -
2 Huxley A,, Taylor W..
Flowers of Greece and the Aegean . 121-122, The Hogarth Press, London; 1989 - 3 Hobbs Ch.. Pharm. in History. 1991;; 33 (1) 19-24
-
4 Weiss R F..
Lehrbuch der Phytotherapie, . 7th edition: 397-402, Hippokrates Verlag, Stuttgart; 1991 - 5 Jarry H,, Leonhardt S,, Gorkow C,, Wuttke W.. Experim. Clin. Endocrin.. 1994;; 102 448-454
- 6 Zwaving J H,, Bos R.. Planta Med.. 1996;; 62 83-84
- 7 Mishurova S S,, Malinovskaja T A,, Akhmedov I B,, Mamedov D G.. Rastitel'nye Resursy. 1986;; 22 526-530
- 8 Elgengaihi S E,, Motawe H M,, Omer E A,, El-Bazza Z E.. Indian Perfumer. 1992;; 36 293-296
- 9 Kustrak D,, Kuftinec J,, Blazevic N.. Planta Med.. 1992;; 58 681
- 10 Senatore F,, Della Porta G,, Reverchon E.. Flav. Fragr. J.. 1996;; 11 179-182
- 11 Sørensen J M,, Katsiotis S Th.. J. Ess. Oil Res.. 1999; in press
-
12 Charlwood B V,, Charlwood K A.. Methods in Plant Biochemistry,. Vol. 7,
Terpenoids, . Charlwood BV, Banthorpe DV 43-98, Academic Press Limited, London; 1991 - 13 Menary R C.. Plantes Aromatiques et Medicinales,. Verlet N 116-138, 4'emes Rencontres Technique et Economique Nyons 1994
- 14 Katsiotis S Th,, Ktistis G,, Iconomou N.. Pharm. Acta Helv.. 1985;; 60 (8) 228-231
- 15 Chatzopoulou P S,, Katsiotis S Th.. Pharm. Acta Helv.. 1995;; 70 247-253
- 16 Gauthier R,, Gourai M,, Bellakhdar J.. Rev. Mar. Pharm.. 1988;; 4 117-132
- 17 Renedo J,, Otero J A,, Mira J R.. Plantes Med. et Phytother.. 1990;; 24 31-35
-
18 Schmaus G,, Kubeczka K H.. Essential Oils and Aromatic Plants, .
Proceedings of the 15th Symposium on Essential Oils, . Baerheim Svendsen A, Scheffer JJC 127-134, Martinus Nijhoff/Dr W. Junk Publ. Dortrecht/Boston/Lancaster; 1985 -
19 Adams R P..
Identification of Essential Oil Components by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectroscopy . 1-451, Allured Publishing Corp, USA; 1995 - 20 Mechler E,, Ruckdeschel E.. Act. Horticult.. 1980;; 96 125-132
Prof. Dr. S. Th. Katsiotis
School of Pharmacy
Dept. Pharmaceutical Technology
Aristotle University
P.O. Box 1589
540 06 Thessaloniki
Greece
Email: stakat@pharm.auth.gr
Phone: +30 31 997669