Evolution und Funktion des Schlafes[1]

Zusammenfassung:

Nach einem kurzen historischen Rückblick über die Anfänge wissenschaftlicher Untersuchungen zum Thema Schlaf mit Darstellung der elektrophysiologischen Grundlagen der schlafpolygraphischen Ableitung und Auswertung, erfolgt eine Darstellung von Hypothesen zur Phylogenese und Funktion des NONREM- und des REM-Schlafes. Danach könnte der Schlaf sich ursprünglich aus Ruhe/Aktivitätszyklen entwickelt haben. Mit zunehmender Entwicklung komplexer neuronaler Strukturen könnte der Schlaf als Anpassungsleistung weitere Funktionen übernommen haben. Hierbei wird neben den Aspekten der Regulation des Energiehaushaltes und der Temperaturregulation insbesondere auch auf die Einflüsse des NONREM- und REM-Schlafes auf die Reorganisation neuronaler Netze eingegangen.

Evolution and Function of Sleep:

This paper presents a brief historical review of the beginning of scientific studies on sleep research and evaluation of the electrophysiological basics. Subsequently, hypotheses are presented and discussed on phylogenesis and function of NONREM- and REM-sleep as well as aspects of the regulation of energy conservation and temperature. Sleep may have first evolved out of rest/activity cycles. Later on, with the evolution of complex brains, sleep may also assume importance in development and maintenance of these structures. Hence, special emphasis is placed on the influence of NONREM and REM sleep on the reorganisation of neuronal networks.

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1 Zum 60. Geburtstag von Herrn Prof. Dr. med. E. Rüther