Subscribe to RSS
DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-14990
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York
Creutzfeldt-Jakob-Krankheit:
Stellenwert der MRT
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: The Value of MRI
Publication History
Publication Date:
31 December 2001 (online)
Zusammenfassung.
Ziel: Bestimmung des Stellenwerts der MRT in der Diagnostik der Creutzfeldt-Jakob-Krankheit (CJK). Methoden: Analyse der MRTs von 14 innerhalb von drei Jahren mit Verdacht auf CJK zugewiesenen Patienten. Korrelation der MRTs mit den entsprechend den WHO-Diagnosekriterien etablierten Untersuchungsverfahren (Klinik, EEG, Liquor mit 14-3-3 Protein-Nachweis). Ergebnisse: 12 Patienten hatten eine CJK, jeweils ein Patient hatte eine Hashimoto-Enzephalitis bzw. einen ALS-Demenz-Komplex. Bei 9 der 12 CJK-Patienten fanden sich beidseits Signalerhöhungen des Striatum (n = 8), des Pulvinar thalami (n = 5) und/oder des Kleinhirn- bzw. Großhirnkortex (n = 3). Die Signalerhöhungen waren am deutlichsten auf FLAIR-Aufnahmen erkennbar; 6 mit diffusionsgewichteter MRT untersuchte Patienten wiesen eine eingeschränkte Diffusion dieser Areale auf. Beide Patienten ohne CJK wiesen die o. g. Signalveränderungen nicht auf (Sensitivität 75 %, Spezifität und positiver Vorhersagewert 100 %). Schlussfolgerung: Werden CJK-Patienten mit FLAIR- und diffusionsgewichteten Sequenzen untersucht, so lässt sich die Erkrankung mit hoher Sicherheit nachweisen bzw. ausschließen. Typische MRT-Befunde engen die Differenzialdiagnose ein und sollten in die WHO-Diagnosekriterien einbezogen werden.
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: The Value of MRI.
Purpose: To define the role of MRI in the diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). Methods: 14 patients with suspected CJD were studied within 3 years. MRI findings were correlated with WHO established diagnostic criteria (clinical findings, EEG, CSF with 14-3-3 protein assay). Results: 12 patients had CJD. One patient each suffered from Hashimoto's encephalitis and ALS dementia complex, respectively. Nine of 12 CJD patients had increased signal intensity of the striatum (n = 8), pulvinar thalami (n = 5) and/or cerebellar and cerebral cortex (n = 3), respectively. Signal intensity was most pronounced on FLAIR sequences; six patients were studied with diffusion-weighted MRI and showed impaired diffusion in these areas. Both patients without CJD did not show the abovementioned signal changes (sensitivity 75 %, specificity and positive predictive value 100 %, respectively). Conclusion: If patients with suspected CJD are studied with FLAIR and diffusion-weighted sequences, this disorder can reliably be proven or ruled out. Typical MRI findings narrow down the differential diagnosis and should be included in the WHO diagnostic criteria.
Schlüsselwörter:
Creutzfeldt-Jakob-Krankheit - Magnetresonanztomographie - MRT
Key words:
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease - CJD - Magnetic resonance imaging - MRI
Literatur
- 1 Will R G, Ironside J W, Zeidler M, Cousens S N, Estibeiro K, Alperovitch A, Poser S, Pocchiari M, Hofman A, Smith P G. A new variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in the UK. Lancet. 1996; 347 921-925
- 2 Masters C L, Harris J O, Gajdusek D C, Gibbs C J, Bernoulli C, Asher D M. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: patterns of worldwide occurrence and the significance of familial and sporadic clustering. Ann Neurol. 1979; 5 177-188
- 3 Poser S, Mollenhauer B, Kraubeta A, Zerr I, Steinhoff B J, Schroeter A, Finckenstaedt M, Schulz-Schaeffer W J, Kretzschmar H A, Felgenhauer K. How to improve the clinical diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Brain. 1999; 122 2345-2351
-
4 Report of the WHO consultation on the global surveillance, diagnosis and therapy of human transmissible spongiform encephalopathies .Geneva; WHO 2000
- 5 Brandel J P, Delasnerie-Laupretre N, Laplanche J L, Hauw J J, Alperovitch A. Diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: effect of clinical criteria on incidence estimates. Neurology. 2000; 54 1095-1099
- 6 Finkenstaedt M, Szudra A, Zerr I, Poser S, Hise J H, Stoebner J M, Weber T. MR imaging of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Radiology. 1996; 199 793-798
- 7 Yee A S, Simon J H, Anderson C A, Filley C M. Diffusion-weighted MRI of right-hemisphere dysfunction in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Neurology. 1999; 52 1514-1515
- 8 Hutzelmann A, Biederer J. MRI follow-up in a case of clinically diagnosed Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Eur Radiol. 1998; 8 421-423
- 9 Garcia Santos J M, Lopez Corbalan J A, Martinez-Lage J F, Sicilia G J. CT and MRI in iatrogenic and sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: as far as imaging perceives. Neuroradiology. 1996; 38 226-231
- 10 Kropp S, Finkenstaedt M, Zerr I, Schroter A, Poser S. Diffusion-weighted MRI in patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Nervenarzt. 2000; 71 91-95
- 11 Bahn M M, Parchi P. Abnormal diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance images in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Arch Neurol. 1999; 56 577-583
- 12 Schroter A, Zerr I, Henkel K, Tschampa H J, Finkenstaedt M, Poser S. Magnetic resonance imaging in the clinical diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Arch Neurol. 2000; 57 1751-1757
- 13 Schwaninger M, Winter R, Hacke W, von Kummer R, Sommer C, Kiessling M, Schulz-Schaeffer W J, Kretzschmar H A. Magnetic resonance imaging in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: evidence of focal involvement of the cortex. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1997; 63 408-409
- 14 Demaerel P, Heiner L, Robberecht W, Sciot R, Wilms G. Diffusion-weighted MRI in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Neurology. 1999; 52 205-208
- 15 Bahn M M, Kido D K, Lin W, Pearlman A L. Brain magnetic resonance diffusion abnormalities in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Arch Neurol. 1997; 54 1411-1415
- 16 Urbach H, Klisch J, Wolf H K, Brechtelsbauer D, Gass S, Solymosi L. MRI in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: correlation with clinical and neuropathological data. Neuroradiology. 1998; 40 65-70
- 17 Chung Y L, Williams A, Ritchie D, Williams S C, Changani K K, Hope J, Bell J D. Conflicting MRI signals from gliosis and neuronal vacuolation in prion diseases. Neuroreport. 1999; 10 3471-3477
- 18 Zeidler M, Sellar R J, Collie D A, Knight R, Stewart G, Macleod M A, Ironside J W, Cousens S, Colchester A F, Hadley D M, Will R G. The pulvinar sign on magnetic resonance imaging in variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Lancet. 2000; 355 1412-1418
- 19 Zerr I, Schulz-Schaeffer W J, Giese A, Bodemer M, Schroter A, Henkel K, Tschampa H J, Windel O, Phahlberg A, Steinhoff B J, Gefeller O, Kretzschmar H, Poser S. Current clinical diagnosis in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: identification of uncommon variants. Ann Neurol. 2000; 48 323-329
- 20 Parchi P, Giese A, Capellari S, Brown P, Schulz-Schaeffer W, Windel O, Zerr I, Budka H, Kopp N, Piccardo P, Poser S, Rojiani A, Streichemberger H, Julien J, Vital C, Ghetti B, Ghambetti P, Kretzschmar H. Classification of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease based on molecular and phenotypic analysis of 300 subjects. Ann Neurol. 1999; 46 224-233
- 21 Will R G, Zeidler M, Stewart G E, Macleod M A, Ironside J W, Cousens S N, Mackenzie J, Estibeiro K, Green A J, Knight R S. Diagnosis of new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Ann Neurol. 2000; 47 575-582
- 22 Seipelt M, Zerr I, Nau R, Mollenhauer B, Kropp S, Steinhoff B J, Wilhelm-Gossling C, Bamberg C, Janzen R W, Berlit P, Manz F, Felgenhauer K, Poser S. Hashimoto's encephalitis as a differential diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1999; 66 172-176
- 23 Grimes D A, Lang A E, Bergeron C B. Dementia as the most common presentation of cortical-basal ganglionic degeneration. Neurology. 1999; 53 1969-1974
- 24 Hauser R A, Murtaugh F R, Akhter K, Gold M, Olanow C W. Magnetic resonance imaging of corticobasal degeneration. J Neuroimaging. 1996; 6 222-226
- 25 Yagishita A, Oda M. Progressive supranuclear palsy: MRI and pathological findings. Neuroradiology. 1996; 38 (Suppl 1) S 60-S 66
- 26 Murakami N. Parkinsonism-dementia complex on Guam - overview of clinical aspects. J Neurol. 1999; 246 (Suppl 2) S 16-S 18
- 27 Hofmann E, Ochs G, Pelzl A, Warmuth-Metz M. The corticospinal tract in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: an MRI study. Neuroradiology. 1998; 40 71-75
- 28 Ishikawa K, Nagura H, Yokota T, Yamanouchi H. Signal loss in the motor cortex on magnetic resonance images in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Ann Neurol. 1993; 33 218-222
PD Dr. H. Urbach
Radiologische Klinik, Neuroradiologie, Universität Bonn
Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25, 53105 Bonn
Phone: + 49-228-2876389
Fax: + 49-228-2874321
Email: urbach@uni-bonn.de