Funktionelle Kernspintomographie in der klinischen Psychologie und Psychiatrie

U. Habel; S. Posse; F. Schneider

doi:10.1055/s-2002-19924

Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie, Table of Contents

Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 2002; 70(2): 61-70
DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-19924

Originalarbeit

Funktionelle Kernspintomographie in der klinischen Psychologie und Psychiatrie

Fundamentals of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Clinical Psychology and PsychiatryU. Habel¹ , S. Posse² , F. Schneider¹

¹Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf
²Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, USA

Die hier dargestellten experimentellen Untersuchungen wurden mit Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (Schn 362/6 - 1, Schn 362/7 - 1, Schn 362/10 - 1, Schn 362/13 - 1) sowie des Bundesministeriums für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF, Kompetenznetz Schizophrenie) durchgeführt.

Abstract

Zusammenfassung

Die funktionelle Kernspintomographie (fMRI) hat sich aufgrund ihrer hohen räumlichen und zeitlichen Auflösung in den letzten Jahren zu einer der beliebtesten funktionellen Bildgebungsmethoden entwickelt. Die rasche Verbreitung der Tomographen und die schnelle technische Entwicklung im Bereich der Datenaufnahme und -analyse haben ferner zu ihrer Popularität beigetragen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die Grundlagen der funktionellen Kernresonanztomographie erörtert. Es wird der blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD)-Effekt als Kontrastmechanismus der Bildgebung dargestellt und die Prinzipien der Versuchsdurchführung, Messmethoden und Auswertungsstrategien erläutert. Schließlich werden beispielhaft Untersuchungen aus dem Bereich emotionalen Erlebens und Verhaltens und seiner klinischen Störungen präsentiert.

Abstract

In the last few years, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has become the preferred technique for brain mapping because of its superior spatial and temporal resolution. Other factors that have contributed to the popularity of this imaging method are the increasing availability of scanners and the technological advances made in data acquisition and analysis. This paper describes basic principles of fMRI essential to a comprehension of the capabilities of this complex technology. In particular, it focuses on blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) contrast, on the experimental procedures, as well as on possible imaging techniques and statistical analyses. Examples for studying brain-behavior-relationships come from research in the context of emotion in healthy subjects as well as in emotional dysfunctions in psychiatric patients.

Full Text

References

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Dr. rer. soc. Ute Habel

Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie der Heinrich-Heine-Universität

Bergische Landstr. 2

40629 Düsseldorf

Email: habel@uni-duesseldorf.de