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DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-32996
Die Mini-Lap-Cholezystektomie im
Zeitalter der Laparoskopie
Ist die Cholezystektomie über eine Minilaparotomie eine Alternative zur laparoskopischen Cholezystektomie?The mini-laparotomy cholecystectomy in the era of laparoscopy
Publication History
Publication Date:
26 July 2002 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Die laparoskopische Cholezystektomie hat sich als Standardtherapie des unkomplizierten, symptomatischen Gallensteinleidens etabliert. Die eindeutigen Vorteile gegenüber der konventionellen Cholezystektomie stehen heute außer Zweifel. Mit Einführung des laparoskopischen Verfahrens wurde die Alternative einer Cholezystektomie über eine Minilaparotomie bereits in mehreren kontrollierten randomisierten Studien untersucht. Die Ergebnisse sind zum Teil widersprüchlich. Insbesondere fehlt nahezu allen Studien eine klare Definition des Begriffes Minilaparotomie. Aus diesen Gründen wurde die Frage der technischen Durchführbarkeit unter exakter Einhaltung einer subkostalen bzw. pararektalen 4-cm-Minilaparotomie bei unterschiedlich starken Bauchdecken überprüft. Dabei erwies sich diese definierte Minilaparotomie als praktikable, kostengünstige und risikoarme Alternative in bestimmten Situationen (ambulante Chirurgie, Entwicklungsländer) und bei ausgewählten Patienten (Voroperationen, Kontraindikationen gegen Pneumoperitoneum, akute Cholezystitis und schwangeren Patientinnen).
Abstract
Does the cholecystectomy through mini-laparotomy represent an alternative to laparoscopic cholecystectomy? Today, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the standard therapy for the treatment of symptomatic and uncomplicated cholelithiasis and its advantages compared to conventional cholecystectomy are beyond all question. Since the laparoscopic approach has been introduced, several controlled randomized studies analysed the alternative cholecystectomy through mini-laparotomy. The results have been controversial. Almost none of the studies does exactly define the term mini-laparotomy. Therefore, the present study aims to verify the technical feasibility when performing a subcostal or pararectal mini-laparotomy of exactly 4 cm in abdominal walls of different thickness. We found that the mini-laparotomy, as defined above, is a feasible, cost-efficient and low risk alternative in certain situations (outpatient surgery, developing countries) and in selected patients (preoperated patients, contraindications against a pneumoperitoneum, acute cholecystitis and pregnancy.)
Schlüsselwörter
Laparoskopische Cholezystektomie - Minilaparotomie - Cholezystolithiasis
Key words
laparoscopic cholecystectomy - mini-laparotomy - cholecystolithiasis
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