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DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-858640
© Karl Demeter Verlag im Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Splenose - eine wichtige Differenzialdiagnose unklarer abdomineller Raumforderungen bei splenektomierten Patienten
Splenosis - an Important Differential Diagnosis in Splenectomized Patients Presenting with Abdominal Masses of Unknown OriginPublication History
Manuskript eingetroffen: 6.6.2005
Manuskript akzeptiert: 23.8.2005
Publication Date:
03 November 2005 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Eine 40 Jahre alte, beschwerdefreie Patientin stellte sich zur Abklärung von multiplen, abdominellen, lymphomverdächtigen Raumforderungen vor, die im Rahmen eines Ultraschallkursus aufgefallen waren. Die Anamnese war bis auf eine Splenektomie nach einem Reitunfall unauffällig. Die Patientin gab keine Beschwerden an. Insbesondere ergab die Anamnese keine Hinweise auf eine B-Symptomatik. Die Laboruntersuchungen zeigten keine pathologischen Veränderungen mit unauffälligem Differenzialblutbild und normalen Entzündungsparametern. In der Abdomensonographie fanden sich multiple, mesenteriale, bis zu 52 × 19 mm vergrößerte Lymphknoten. Weiterhin zeigte sich unterhalb des linken Leberlappens zum Hilus reichend eine 30 × 20 mm messende Veränderung. Zur weiteren Abklärung führten wir eine Computertomographie (CT) von Thorax und Abdomen durch. Der Thoraxbefund war nicht wegweisend. Die Abdomenuntersuchung bestätigte multiple, peritoneale Herde im ehemaligen Milzlager sowie im rechten Mittelbauch subhepatisch. In der Single-Photonen-Computed-Tomography (SPECT) konnte eine spezifische Speicherung von Tc-99 m-markierten Mikropartikeln in den verschiedenen Herden nachgewiesen werden. Die Feinnadelpunktion eines Herdes im rechten Mittelbauch zeigte zytologisch Anteile von Milzgewebe mit follikulärer Hyperplasie. Es handelt sich somit um den Fall einer posttraumatischen Splenose. In 16 - 67 % der Fälle nach Milzruptur werden die im Sinne einer Autotransplantation von Milzgewebe entstandenen „Neo-Milzen” beobachtet. Diese stellen somit eine wichtige Differenzialdiagnose unklarer, abdomineller Raumforderungen bei splenektomierten Patienten dar.
Abstract
A 40-year-old female patient was admitted for work-up of multiple abdominal masses. The lymphoma-mimicking tumors were detected accidentally during an ultrasound course. The past medical history was unremarkable besides a status post-traumatic splenic rupture and splenectomy. The patient was asymptomatic, especially there were no complaints of fever, night sweats or weight loss. Laboratory tests did not show pathological results. Ultrasound of the abdomen revealed multiple hypoechoic mesenterial and peritoneal enlarged tumors as well as a subhepatic mass (30 × 20 mm). Transmission computed tomography (CT) showed a normal chest, excluded abnormal thoracal masses and confirmed the multiple abdominal nodules. Microparticles were trapped only by tissue with phagocytocis function as cells of the reticulohistiocytary system in liver and spleen. Uptake of 99 mTc-labeled microparticles is specific for splenic tissue. All abdominal masses were detectable by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) after intravenous administration of this radiotracer. Ultrasound-guided biopsy proved the presence of spleen tissue with follicular hyperplasia. In conclusion, we report a case of post-traumatic splenosis. In 16 - 67 % of patients who experienced traumatic splenic rupture autotransplanted spleen tissue can be detected. Splenosis therefore is an important differential diagnosis of abdominal masses in splenectomized patients.
Schlüsselwörter
Splenose - Ultraschall - Splenektomie - Single-Photonen-Emission-Computed-Tomography (SPECT)
Key words
Splenosis - ultrasound - splenectomy - single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
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Dr. med. Jochen Wedemeyer
Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1
30625 Hannover
Germany
Phone: ++ 49/5 11/5 32-31 57
Fax: ++ 49/5 11/5 32-81 57
Email: Wedemeyer.jochen@mh-hannover.de