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DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-870916
Suizidversuche bei Alkoholabhängigen: klinische Charakteristika und Differenzierung nach der verwendeten Methode
Suicide Attempts in Alcohol Dependents: Clinical Characteristics und Differentiation of the Applied MethodsPublication History
Publication Date:
16 August 2005 (online)
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Zusammenfassung
Einleitung: Suizidversuche sind häufig bei Alkoholkranken. Sie lassen sich hinsichtlich der verwendeten Methode in gewaltsame und nicht-gewaltsame unterteilen. An einer Stichprobe stationär behandelter Alkoholabhängiger wurde die Validität dieser Einteilung geprüft. Methodik: Eingeschlossen wurden Patienten mit einer ICD-10 bzw. DSM-IV-Diagnose einer Alkoholabhängigkeit. Mithilfe des SSAGA-Interviews (Semi-Stuctured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism, Deutsche Version) wurden suizidales Verhalten und andere psychische Störungen erfasst. Klinische Syndrome wurden mit dem MMPI-2, Persönlichkeits- und Charaktereigenschaften mit dem TCI sowie dem NEO-FFI erhoben. Ergebnisse: Von den 182 Untersuchten wiesen Alkoholkranke mit Suizidversuchen ein größeres Maß an psychiatrischer Symptomatik, einen schweren Verlauf der Alkoholabhängigkeit und ein Persönlichkeitsprofil mit emotional instabilen Zügen, Psychopathie und geringer Selbstlenkungsfähigkeit auf. Diskussion: Die geringfügigen Unterschiede zwischen Alkoholkranken mit gewaltsamen und nicht-gewaltsamen Suizidversuchen in der Vorgeschichte können die Validität dieser Einteilung aus klinischer Sicht nicht stützen.
Abstract
Introduction: Suicidal behavior is common in alcohol-dependent subjects. In terms of methods used, violent and non-violent suicide attempts can be distinguished. To confirm the validity of this distinction from a clinical point of view a sample of inpatient alcohol-dependent subjects is explored. Methods: Subjects with a diagnosis of alcohol dependence according to DSM-IV and ICD-10 who took part in an inpatient withdrawl treatment program were included. Characteristics of alcohol dependence and suicidal behavior as well as lifetime diagnosis of other psychiatric disorders were assessed using the SSAGA. Clinical syndroms, personality and temperament were obtained by MMPI-2, TCI and NEO-FFI. Results: Of the182 included patients, alcoholics with a history of suicide attempts reported more depressive pathology and a personality profile characterized by emotional instability, psychopathy and decreased self-control. Discussion: Distinguishing alcohol dependent suicide attempters according to methods used, no significant differences between violent and non-violent methods could be found. Therefore the clinical validity of this distinction could not be confirmed.
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Dr. med. Ulrich W. Preuss
Johanna-Odebrecht-Stiftung
Gützkower Landstr. 69
17489 Greifswald
Email: ulrich_preuss@hotmail.com