Cardiopulmonary Effects of Intravenous Prostaglandin E₁ during Experimental One-Lung Ventilation

Abstract

Background: One-lung ventilation greatly improves operating conditions during thoracic surgery. Serious disadvantages of one-lung ventilation are hypoxaemia and increased pulmonary vascular resistance. Prostaglandins, like prostaglandin I₂ (PGI₂), are potent pulmonary vasodilators but may also influence venous admixture and systemic circulation. Since the lung is capable of extensive degradation of prostaglandin E₁ (PGE₁) but not of PGI₂, PGE₁ might affect systemic circulation to a lesser degree. Hence, we studied the effects of intravenous PGE₁ on systemic and pulmonary circulation and on oxygenation during one-lung ventilation. Methods: Lateral thoracotomy and cross-clamping of the left main stem bronchus was performed in twelve anaesthetised and ventilated pigs. Animals were cannulated with arterial, central venous and fast response thermodilution pulmonary artery catheters for haemodynamic measurements. PGE₁ was administered with infusion rates of 25, 50, and 100 ng × kg ^-1 × min^-1 during one-lung ventilation. Results: All doses of PGE₁ significantly decreased pulmonary vascular resistance and mean pulmonary artery pressure. However, a comparable significant reduction in systemic vascular resistance and mean arterial pressure was found. Arterial oxygen tension and venous admixture showed a slight but significant deterioration. Oxygen delivery remained unchanged or increased since the cardiac index increased. Conclusion: During one-lung ventilation in the pig, infusion of PGE₁ significantly decreased pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary artery pressure but failed to achieve selective pulmonary vasodilation.

Prostaglandin E₁ - one-lung ventilation - pulmonary hypertension - hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction

References

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