Application of the ICF and ICF-Children and Youth in Children with Speech Impairment

Sharynne McLeod; Jane McCormack

doi:10.1055/s-2007-986522

Seminars in Speech and Language, Table of Contents

Semin Speech Lang 2007; 28(4): 254-264
DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-986522

Application of the ICF and ICF-Children and Youth in Children with Speech Impairment

Sharynne McLeod¹ , Jane McCormack¹

¹School of Teacher Education, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, Australia

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Children with speech impairment form a significant part of many speech language pathology caseloads. Traditionally, assessment and intervention with these children has focused on the level of the impairment. However, the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and ICF- version for Children and Youth provide a framework by which such children can be managed in an holistic manner, with due consideration given to the body structures and functions affected by their impairment, as well as the impact on children's activities and participation. The ICF acknowledges the individuality of each child with a speech impairment, through consideration of barriers and facilitators stemming from environmental and personal factors. In this article, assessment and intervention for speech impairment is described using each component of the ICF. A case study illustrating the use of the ICF with a child who has a speech impairment is provided.

KEYWORDS

Articulation - phonology - ICF - ICF-CY - World Health Organization - assessment - intervention - children

Full Text

References

REFERENCES

1 Baker E, Croot K, McLeod S, Paul R. Psycholinguistic models of speech development and their application to clinical practice. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2001; 44 685-702
2 Stackhouse J, Wells B. Children's Speech and Literacy Difficulties: A Psycholinguistic Framework. London; Whurr 1997
3 Almost D, Rosenbaum P. Effectiveness of speech intervention for phonological disorders: a randomised controlled trial. Dev Med Child Neurol. 1998; 40 319-325
4 WHO Classification of Functioning Disability and Health Version for Children and Youth .Geneva, Switzerland; World Health Organization 2007
5 McLeod S, Bleile K M. The ICF: a framework for setting goals for children with speech impairment. Child Lang Teach Ther. 2004; 20 199-219
6 McLeod S, Bleile K M. The ICF and ICF-CY as a framework for children's speech acquisition. In: McLeod S The International Guide to Speech Acquisition. Clifton Park, NY; Thomson Delmar Learning 2007: 2-6
7 Campbell T F, Dollaghan C A, Rockette H E et al.. Risk factors for speech delay of unknown origin in 3-year-old children. Child Dev. 2003; 74 346-357
8 Shriberg L D, Kwiatkowski J. A follow-up study of children with phonologic disorders of unknown origin. J Speech Hear Disord. 1988; 53 144-155
9 Shriberg L D. Diagnostic classification of five subtypes of childhood speech sound disorders (SSD) of currently unknown origin. Paper presented at: International Association of Logopedics and Phoniatrics Congress August 29-Sept 2, 2004 Brisbane, Australia;
10 McLeod S. Speech pathologists' application of the ICF to children with speech impairment. Adv Speech Lang Pathol. 2004; 6 75-81
11 Lollar D J, Simeonsson R J. Diagnosis to function: Classification for children and youths. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2005; 26 323-330
12 Koegel L K, Koegel R L, Costello-Ingham J. Programming rapid generalization of correct articulation through self-monitoring procedures. J Speech Hear Disord. 1986; 51 24-32
13 McLeod S. Speech acquisition and participation in society. In: McLeod S The international guide to speech acquisition. Clifton Park, NY; Thomson Delmar Learning 2007: 61-67
14 World Health Organization .ICF: International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. Geneva, Switzerland; World Health Organization 2001
15 McLeod S, Hand L, Rosenthal J B, Hayes B. The effect of sampling condition on children's productions of consonant clusters. J Speech Hear Res. 1994; 37 868-882
16 Morrison J A, Shriberg L D. Articulation testing versus conversational speech sampling. J Speech Hear Res. 1992; 35 259-273
17 Leonard L B, Schwartz R G, Folger M K, Wilcox M J. Some aspects of child phonology in imitative and spontaneous speech. J Child Lang. 1978; 5 403-415
18 Powell T W, Miccio A W. Stimulability: a useful clinical tool. J Commun Disord. 1996; 29 237-253
19 James D, van Doorn J, McLeod S. Segment production in mono-, di- and polysyllabic words in children aged 3-7 years. In: Windsor F, Kelly L, Hewlett N Themes in Clinical Phonetics and Linguistics. Hillsdale, NJ; Lawrence Erlbaum 2002: 287-298
20 Kwiatkowski J, Shriberg L D. The capability-focus treatment framework for child speech disorders. Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 1998; 7 27-38
21 Glaspey A M, Stoel-Gammon C. A dynamic approach to phonological assessment. Adv Speech Lang Pathol. 2007; 9 286-294
22 Barr J, McLeod S, Daniel G. Siblings of children with speech impairment: cavalry on the hill. Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch. 2007; , In press
23 Crowe Hall B J. Attitudes of fourth and sixth graders toward peers with mild articulation disorders. Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch. 1991; 22 334-340
24 Apling R, Jone N L. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA): Overview of Major Provisions. CRS Report for Congress. 2002
25 McKinnon D H, McLeod S, Reilly S. The prevalence of stuttering, voice and speech sound disorders in primary school students in Australia. Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch. 2007; 38 5-15
26 McLeod S, Harrison L. Prevalence of Australian children with communication impairments in the early childhood years. Poster presented at: International Society for the Study of Behavioural Development (ISSBD) July 2-6, 2006 Melbourne, Australia;
27 McLeod S, McKinnon D H. The prevalence of communication disorders compared with other learning needs in 14,500 primary and secondary school students. Int J Lang Commun Disord. 2007; 42 S37-S59
28 Bleile K M. Individual differences. In: Bleile KM Child Phonology: A Book of Exercises for Students. San Diego, CA; Singular 1991: 57-71
29 Weiss A L. Personal factors and their influence on speech acquisition. In: McLeod S The International Guide to Speech Acquisition. Clifton Park, NY; Thomson Delmar Learning 2007: 91-95
30 McLeod S, Hewett S R. Variability in the production of words containing consonant clusters by typical two- and three-year-old children. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2007; , In press
31 McLeod S, van Doorn J, Reed V A. Consonant cluster development in two-year-olds: general trends and individual difference. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2001; 44 1144-1171
32 Vogel Sosa A, Stoel-Gammon C. Patterns of intra-word phonological variability during the second year of life. J Child Lang. 2006; 33 31-50
33 Kamhi A G. Practice makes perfect: the incompatibility of practicing speech and meaningful communication. Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch. 2000; 31 182-186
34 Lewis B A, Ekelman B L, Aram D M. A familial study of severe phonological disorders. J Speech Hear Res. 1989; 32 713-724
35 Shriberg L D, Kwiatkowski J. Developmental phonological disorders I: a clinical profile. J Speech Hear Res. 1994; 37 1100-1126
36 Fox A V, Dodd B, Howard D. Risk factors for speech disorders in children. Int J Lang Commun Disord. 2002; 37 117-132
37 Felsenfeld S, McGue M, Broen P A. Familial aggregation of phonological disorders: results from a 28-year follow-up. J Speech Hear Res. 1995; 38 1091-1107
38 Robbins J, Klee T. Clinical assessment of oropharyngeal motor development in young children. J Speech Hear Disord. 1987; 52 271-277
39 Ozanne A E. Normative data for sequenced oral movements and movements in context for children aged three to five years. Aust J Hum Commun Disord. 1992; 20 47-63
40 Bankson N W, Bernthal J E. Bankson-Bernthal Test of Phonology. San Antonio, TX; Special Press 1990
41 Dodd B, Hua Z, Crosbie S, Holm A, Ozanne A. Diagnostic Evaluation of Articulation and Phonology (DEAP). London; Psychological Corp 2003
42 Masterson J, Bernhardt B H. CAPES: Computerized Articulation and Phonology Evaluation System (Version 1.0.1). San Antonio, TX; Psychological Corp 2001
43 Peppe S, McCann J. Assessing intonation and prosody in children with atypical language development: the PEPS-C test and the revised version. Clin Ling Phon. 2003; 17 345-354
44 Long S H, Fey M E, Channell R W. Computerized Profiling (MS-DOS version 9.1). Cleveland, OH; Case Western Reserve University 2002
45 Bernhardt B H, Stemberger J P. Workbook in Nonlinear Phonology for Clinical Application. Austin, TX; Pro-Ed 2000
46 Gibbon F E. Undifferentiated lingual gestures in children with articulation/phonological disorders. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 1999; 42 382-397
47 McLeod S, Singh S. Atlas of Speech Sounds. San Diego, CA; Plural 2007
48 Dodd B, Holm A, Crosbie S, McIntosh B. A core vocabulary approach for management of inconsistent speech disorder. Adv Speech Lang Pathol. 2006; 8 220-230
49 Howell J, Dean E. Treating Phonological Disorders in Children. Metaphon: Theory to Practice. 2nd ed. London; Whurr 1994
50 Bowen C, Cupples L. Parents and children together (PACT): a collaborative approach to phonological therapy. Int J Lang Commun Disord. 1999; 34 35-83
51 Hayden D. The PROMPT model: use and application for children with mixed phonological-motor impairment. Adv Speech Lang Pathol. 2006; 8 265-281
52 Enderby P, John A. Therapy Outcome Measures: Speech-Language Pathology Technical Manual. London; Singular 1997
53 Skeat J, Perry A, Morris M et al.. The use of the ICF framework in an allied health outcome measure: Australian Therapy Outcome Measures (AusTOMs). In: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) ICF Australian User Guide. Version 1.0. Disability Series. AIHW Cat. No. Dros Inf Serv 33. Canberra, Australia; AIHW 2003
54 Elliott A, McLeod S. Children's perceptions of their speech. In: Brown L, Heine C Proceeding of 2005 Speech Pathology Australia National Conference. Melbourne, Australia; Speech Pathology Australia 2005: 135-142
55 McLeod S, Daniel G, Barr J. Using children's drawings to listen to how children feel about their speech. In: Heine C, Brown L Proceedings of 2006 Speech Pathology Australia National Conference. Melbourne, Australia; Speech Pathology Australia 2006: 38-45
56 Duchan J F. Impairment and social views of speech-language pathology: clinical practices re-examined. Adv Speech Lang Pathol. 2001; 3 37-46
57 McLeod S. A holistic view of a child with a speech impairment: insights from the ICF and ICF-CY. Adv Speech Lang Pathol. 2006; 8 293-315
58 Wiig E, Secord W, Semel E. Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals. San Antonio, TX; Psychological Corp 1992

Sharynne McLeodPh.D.

School of Teacher Education, Charles Sturt University, Panorama Ave.

Bathurst, New South Wales, 2795, Australia

Email: smcleod@csu.edu.au