Abstract
The regulatory requirements for assessing potential interactions between herbal medicinal products and other medicines can cause specific, additional phytopharmaceutical problems. In this short review we assess the state of our knowledge for herbal extracts commonly used as over the counter (OTC) products for upper respiratory infections and which in many cases are considered to have immunomodulatory effects. Overall, the data on the safety of these products is still limited and only in the case of Echinacea preparations can preliminary conclusions be drawn. The available evidence points to weak cytochrome P450 inhibition which is unlikely to be of clinical relevance.
Abbreviations
CYP:cytochrome P450
HMP(s):herbal medicinal product(s)
OTC:over the counter (drugs)
Key words
Upper respiratory infections - cytochrome P450 - drug safety - herb-drug interactions -
Echinacea
- Kan Jang (Andrographis paniculata/Eleutherococcus senticosus) - Asteraceae
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Prof. Dr. Michael Heinrich
Centre for Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy
The School of Pharmacy
University of London
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London WC1N 1AX
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