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Thromb Haemost 2013; 110(03): 569-581
DOI: 10.1160/TH13-01-0014
Platelets and Blood Cells
Schattauer GmbH

12-lipoxygenase activity plays an important role in PAR4 and GPVI-mediated platelet reactivity

Jennifer Yeung
1   Department of Medicine and Cardeza foundation for Hematologic Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
,
Patrick L. Apopa
1   Department of Medicine and Cardeza foundation for Hematologic Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
,
Joanne Vesci
1   Department of Medicine and Cardeza foundation for Hematologic Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
,
Moritz Stolla
1   Department of Medicine and Cardeza foundation for Hematologic Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
†   Currently at the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Strong Memorial Hospital, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
,
Ganesha Rai
2   NIH Chemical Genomics Center, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville, Maryland, USA
,
Anton Simeonov
2   NIH Chemical Genomics Center, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville, Maryland, USA
,
Ajit Jadhav
2   NIH Chemical Genomics Center, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville, Maryland, USA
,
Pilar Fernandez-Perez
1   Department of Medicine and Cardeza foundation for Hematologic Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
,
David J. Maloney
2   NIH Chemical Genomics Center, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville, Maryland, USA
,
Olivier Boutaud
4   Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
,
Theodore R. Holman
3   Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA
,
Michael Holinstat
1   Department of Medicine and Cardeza foundation for Hematologic Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
› Author Affiliations Financial Support: This work was supported in part by the National Institutes of Health grants HL089457 (MH), HL081009 (OB), MH081283 (TRH), the American Heart Association (MH), the Parenteral Drug Association Foundation (MH), and the Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research (MH).
Further Information

Publication History

Received: 07 January 2013

Accepted after major revision: 30 May 2013

Publication Date:
22 November 2017 (online)

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Summary

Following initial platelet activation, arachidonic acid is metabolised by cyclooxygenase-1 and 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX). While the role of 12-LOX in the platelet is not well defined, recent evidence suggests that it may be important for regulation of platelet activity and is agonist- specific in the manner in which it regulates platelet function. Using small molecule inhibitors selective for 12-LOX and 12-LOX-deficient mice, the role of 12-LOX in regulation of human platelet activation and thrombosis was investigated. Pharmacologically inhibiting 12-LOX resulted in attenuation of platelet aggregation, selective inhibition of dense versus alpha granule secretion, and inhibition of platelet adhesion under flow for PAR4 and collagen. Additionally, 12-LOX-deficient mice showed attenuated integrin activity to PAR4-AP and convulxin compared to wild-type mice. Finally, platelet activation by PARs was shown to be differentially dependent on COX-1 and 12-LOX with PAR1 relying on COX-1 oxidation of arachidonic acid while PAR4 being more dependent on 12-LOX for normal platelet function. These studies demonstrate an important role for 12-LOX in regulating platelet activation and thrombosis. Furthermore, the data presented here provide a basis for potentially targeting 12-LOX as a means to attenuate unwanted platelet activation and clot formation.

Keywords

Platelet activation - 12-lipoxygenase - eicosanoids - aggregation - thrombosis

 

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