Subscribe to RSS
![](/products/assets/desktop/img/oa-logo.png)
DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.156831
Effects of pulp capping materials on fracture resistance of Class II composite restorations
Publication History
Publication Date:
04 September 2019 (online)
ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cavity design and the type of pulp capping materials on the fracture resistance of Class II composite restorations. Materials and Methods: Sixty freshly extracted, sound molar teeth were selected for the study. A dovetail cavity on the mesio-occlusal and a slot cavity on disto-occlusal surfaces of each tooth were prepared, and the teeth were divided 4 groups which one of them as a control group. The pulp capping materials (TheraCal LC, Calcimol LC, Dycal) applied on pulpo-axial wall of each cavity, and the restoration was completed with composite resin. The teeth were subjected to a compressive load in a universal mechanical testing machine. The surfaces of the tooth and restoration were examined under a stereomicroscope. The data were analyzed using factorial analysis of variance and Tukey's test. Results: For pulp capping materials, the highest fracture load (931.15 ± 203.81 N) and the lowest fracture load (832.28 ± 245.75 N) were calculated for Control and Dycal group, respectively. However, there were no statistically significant differences among all groups (P > 0.05). The fracture load of the dovetail groups was significantly higher than those of the slot cavity groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Dovetail cavity design shows better fracture resistance in Class II composite restorations, independent of used or not used pulp capping materials.
#
#
Conflict of Interest
None declared
-
REFERENCES
- 1 Güray EfesB, Yaman BC, Gümüstas B, Tiryaki M. The effects of glass ionomer and flowable composite liners on the fracture resistance of open-sandwich class II restorations. Dent Mater J 2013; 32: 877-82
- 2 Geurtsen W, Schoeler J. 4-year retrospective clinical study of Class I and II composite fillings. J Dent 1997; 25: 229-32
- 3 Ozgünaltay G, Görücü J. Fracture resistance of class II packable composite restorations with and without flowable liners. J Oral Rehabil 2005; 32: 111-5
- 4 Sadeghi M, Lynch CD. The effect of flowable materials on the microleakage of Class II composite restorations that extend apical to the cemento-enamel junction. Oper Dent 2009; 34: 306-11
- 5 Akbarian G, Ameri H, Chasteen JE, Ghavamnasiri M. Fracture resistance of premolar teeth restored with silorane-based or dimethacrylate-based composite resins. J Esthet Restor Dent 2014; 26: 200-7
- 6 Kemp-Scholte CM, Davidson CL. Marginal integrity related to bond strength and strain capacity of composite resin restorative systems. J Prosthet Dent 1990; 64: 658-64
- 7 Cavalcanti AN, Mitsui FH, Ambrosano GM, Marchi GM. Influence of adhesive systems and flowable composite lining on bond strength of class II restorations submitted to thermal and mechanical stresses. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2007; 80: 52-8
- 8 Castañeda-Espinosa JC, Pereira RA, Cavalcanti AP, Mondelli RF. Transmission of composite polymerization contraction force through a flowable composite and a resin-modified glass ionomer cement. J Appl Oral Sci 2007; 15: 495-500
- 9 Kwon Y, Ferracane J, Lee IB. Effect of layering methods, composite type, and flowable liner on the polymerization shrinkage stress of light cured composites. Dent Mater 2012; 28: 801-9
- 10 Oliveira LC, Duarte Jr S, Araujo CA, Abrahão A. Effect of low-elastic modulus liner and base as stress-absorbing layer in composite resin restorations. Dent Mater 2010; 26: e159-69
- 11 Braga RR, Hilton TJ, Ferracane JL. Contraction stress of flowable composite materials and their efficacy as stress-relieving layers. J Am Dent Assoc 2003; 134: 721-8
- 12 Modena KC, Casas-Apayco LC, Atta MT, Costa CA, Hebling J, Sipert CR. et al. Cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of direct and indirect pulp capping materials. J Appl Oral Sci 2009; 17: 544-54
- 13 Langeland K. Effect of various procedures on the human dental pulp. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1961; 14: 210-33
- 14 Hilton TJ. Keys to clinical success with pulp capping: A review of the literature. Oper Dent 2009; 34: 615-25
- 15 Conrado CA. Remineralization of carious dentin. I: In vitro microradiographic study in human teeth capped with calciumhydroxide. Braz Dent 2004; 15: 59-62
- 16 Cohenca N, Paranjpe A, Berg J. Vital pulp therapy. Dent Clin North Am 2013; 57: 59-73
- 17 Cox CF, Sübay RK, Ostro E, Suzuki S, Suzuki SH. Tunnel defects in dentin bridges: Their formation following direct pulp capping. Oper Dent 1996; 21: 4-11
- 18 Gandolfi MG, Siboni F, Prati C. Chemical-physical properties of TheraCal, a novel light-curable MTA-like material for pulp capping. Int Endod J 2012; 45: 571-9
- 19 Ulusu T, Oztas N, Tulunoglu O. Comparison of the effect of insertion techniques of a resin composite on dentinal adaptation of two visible light-cured bases: Direct evaluation versus a replica technique. Quintessence Int 1996; 27: 63-8
- 20 Subramaniam P, Konde S, Prashanth P. An in vitro evaluation of pH variations in calcium hydroxide liners. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2006; 24: 144-5
- 21 Hebling J, Lessa FC, Nogueira I, Carvalho RM, Costa CA. Cytotoxicity of resin-based light-cured liners. Am J Dent 2009; 22: 137-42
- 22 Savas S, Botsali MS, Kucukyilmaz E, Sari T. Evaluation of temperature changes in the pulp chamber during polymerization of light-cured pulp-capping materials by using a VALO LED light curing unit at different curing distances. Dent Mater J 2014; 33: 764-9
- 23 Huang MS, Li MT, Huang FM, Ding SJ. The effect of thermocycling and dentine pre-treatment on the durability of the bond between composite resin and dentine. J Oral Rehabil 2004; 31: 492-9
- 24 Dietschi D, Argente A, Krejci I, Mandikos M. In vitro performance of Class I and II composite restorations: A literature review on nondestructive laboratory trials – Part II. Oper Dent 2013; 38: E182-200
- 25 Roberts HW, Vandewalle KS, Charlton DG, Berzins DW. Fracture resistance of amalgam/glass-polyalkenoate open sandwich Class II restorations: An in vitro study. J Dent 2008; 36: 873-7
- 26 Kikuti WY, Chaves FO, Di Hipólito V, Rodrigues FP, D'Alpino PH. Fracture resistance of teeth restored with different resin-based restorative systems. Braz Oral Res 2012; 26: 275-81
- 27 Goldstein GR. The longevity of direct and indirect posterior restorations is uncertain and may be affected by a number of dentist-, patient-, and material-related factors. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2010; 10: 30-1
- 28 Braga RR, Ferracane JL. Alternatives in polymerization contraction stress management. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med 2004; 15: 176-84
- 29 Brosh T, Pilo R, Bichacho N, Blutstein RJ. Effect of combinations of surface treatments and bonding agents on the bond strength of repaired composites. J Prosthet Dent 2007; 19: 90-8
- 30 Kaaden C, Powers JM, Friedl KH, Schmalz G. Bond strength of self-etching adhesives to dental hard tissues. Clin Oral Investig 2002; 6: 155-60
- 31 Elkassas DW, Fawzi EM, El Zohairy A. The effect of cavity disinfectants on the micro-shear bond strength of dentin adhesives. Eur J Dent 2014; 8: 184-90
- 32 Oskoee SS, Oskoee PA, Navimipour EJ, Shahi S. In vitro fracture resistance of endodontically-treated maxillary premolars. Oper Dent 2011; 12: 30-4
- 33 Suwatviroj P, Messer LB, Palamara JE. The effects of cavity preparation and lamination on bond strength and fracture of tooth-colored restorations in primary molars. Pediatr Dent 2003; 25: 534-40
- 34 Xu H, Jiang Z, Xiao X, Fu J, Su Q. Influence of cavity design on the biomechanics of direct composite resin restorations in Class IV preparations. Eur J Oral Sci 2012; 120: 161-7
- 35 Yaman SD, Yetmez M, Türköz E, Akkas N. Fracture resistance of Class II approximal slot restorations. J Prosthet Dent 2000; 84: 297-302
- 36 Liu X, Fok A, Li H. Influence of restorative material and proximal cavity design on the fracture resistance of MOD inlay restoration. Dent Mater 2014; 30: 327-33
- 37 Rathnam A, Nidhi M, Shigli AL, Indushekar KR. Comparative evaluation of slot versus dovetail design in class III composite restorations in primary anterior teeth. Contemp Clin Dent 2010; 1: 6-9
- 38 Seraj B, Ehsani S, Taravati S, Ghadimi S, Fatemi M, Safa S. Fracture resistance of cementum-extended composite fillings in severely damaged deciduous incisors: An in vitro study. Eur J Dent 2014; 8: 445-9
Correspondence:
-
REFERENCES
- 1 Güray EfesB, Yaman BC, Gümüstas B, Tiryaki M. The effects of glass ionomer and flowable composite liners on the fracture resistance of open-sandwich class II restorations. Dent Mater J 2013; 32: 877-82
- 2 Geurtsen W, Schoeler J. 4-year retrospective clinical study of Class I and II composite fillings. J Dent 1997; 25: 229-32
- 3 Ozgünaltay G, Görücü J. Fracture resistance of class II packable composite restorations with and without flowable liners. J Oral Rehabil 2005; 32: 111-5
- 4 Sadeghi M, Lynch CD. The effect of flowable materials on the microleakage of Class II composite restorations that extend apical to the cemento-enamel junction. Oper Dent 2009; 34: 306-11
- 5 Akbarian G, Ameri H, Chasteen JE, Ghavamnasiri M. Fracture resistance of premolar teeth restored with silorane-based or dimethacrylate-based composite resins. J Esthet Restor Dent 2014; 26: 200-7
- 6 Kemp-Scholte CM, Davidson CL. Marginal integrity related to bond strength and strain capacity of composite resin restorative systems. J Prosthet Dent 1990; 64: 658-64
- 7 Cavalcanti AN, Mitsui FH, Ambrosano GM, Marchi GM. Influence of adhesive systems and flowable composite lining on bond strength of class II restorations submitted to thermal and mechanical stresses. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2007; 80: 52-8
- 8 Castañeda-Espinosa JC, Pereira RA, Cavalcanti AP, Mondelli RF. Transmission of composite polymerization contraction force through a flowable composite and a resin-modified glass ionomer cement. J Appl Oral Sci 2007; 15: 495-500
- 9 Kwon Y, Ferracane J, Lee IB. Effect of layering methods, composite type, and flowable liner on the polymerization shrinkage stress of light cured composites. Dent Mater 2012; 28: 801-9
- 10 Oliveira LC, Duarte Jr S, Araujo CA, Abrahão A. Effect of low-elastic modulus liner and base as stress-absorbing layer in composite resin restorations. Dent Mater 2010; 26: e159-69
- 11 Braga RR, Hilton TJ, Ferracane JL. Contraction stress of flowable composite materials and their efficacy as stress-relieving layers. J Am Dent Assoc 2003; 134: 721-8
- 12 Modena KC, Casas-Apayco LC, Atta MT, Costa CA, Hebling J, Sipert CR. et al. Cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of direct and indirect pulp capping materials. J Appl Oral Sci 2009; 17: 544-54
- 13 Langeland K. Effect of various procedures on the human dental pulp. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1961; 14: 210-33
- 14 Hilton TJ. Keys to clinical success with pulp capping: A review of the literature. Oper Dent 2009; 34: 615-25
- 15 Conrado CA. Remineralization of carious dentin. I: In vitro microradiographic study in human teeth capped with calciumhydroxide. Braz Dent 2004; 15: 59-62
- 16 Cohenca N, Paranjpe A, Berg J. Vital pulp therapy. Dent Clin North Am 2013; 57: 59-73
- 17 Cox CF, Sübay RK, Ostro E, Suzuki S, Suzuki SH. Tunnel defects in dentin bridges: Their formation following direct pulp capping. Oper Dent 1996; 21: 4-11
- 18 Gandolfi MG, Siboni F, Prati C. Chemical-physical properties of TheraCal, a novel light-curable MTA-like material for pulp capping. Int Endod J 2012; 45: 571-9
- 19 Ulusu T, Oztas N, Tulunoglu O. Comparison of the effect of insertion techniques of a resin composite on dentinal adaptation of two visible light-cured bases: Direct evaluation versus a replica technique. Quintessence Int 1996; 27: 63-8
- 20 Subramaniam P, Konde S, Prashanth P. An in vitro evaluation of pH variations in calcium hydroxide liners. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2006; 24: 144-5
- 21 Hebling J, Lessa FC, Nogueira I, Carvalho RM, Costa CA. Cytotoxicity of resin-based light-cured liners. Am J Dent 2009; 22: 137-42
- 22 Savas S, Botsali MS, Kucukyilmaz E, Sari T. Evaluation of temperature changes in the pulp chamber during polymerization of light-cured pulp-capping materials by using a VALO LED light curing unit at different curing distances. Dent Mater J 2014; 33: 764-9
- 23 Huang MS, Li MT, Huang FM, Ding SJ. The effect of thermocycling and dentine pre-treatment on the durability of the bond between composite resin and dentine. J Oral Rehabil 2004; 31: 492-9
- 24 Dietschi D, Argente A, Krejci I, Mandikos M. In vitro performance of Class I and II composite restorations: A literature review on nondestructive laboratory trials – Part II. Oper Dent 2013; 38: E182-200
- 25 Roberts HW, Vandewalle KS, Charlton DG, Berzins DW. Fracture resistance of amalgam/glass-polyalkenoate open sandwich Class II restorations: An in vitro study. J Dent 2008; 36: 873-7
- 26 Kikuti WY, Chaves FO, Di Hipólito V, Rodrigues FP, D'Alpino PH. Fracture resistance of teeth restored with different resin-based restorative systems. Braz Oral Res 2012; 26: 275-81
- 27 Goldstein GR. The longevity of direct and indirect posterior restorations is uncertain and may be affected by a number of dentist-, patient-, and material-related factors. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2010; 10: 30-1
- 28 Braga RR, Ferracane JL. Alternatives in polymerization contraction stress management. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med 2004; 15: 176-84
- 29 Brosh T, Pilo R, Bichacho N, Blutstein RJ. Effect of combinations of surface treatments and bonding agents on the bond strength of repaired composites. J Prosthet Dent 2007; 19: 90-8
- 30 Kaaden C, Powers JM, Friedl KH, Schmalz G. Bond strength of self-etching adhesives to dental hard tissues. Clin Oral Investig 2002; 6: 155-60
- 31 Elkassas DW, Fawzi EM, El Zohairy A. The effect of cavity disinfectants on the micro-shear bond strength of dentin adhesives. Eur J Dent 2014; 8: 184-90
- 32 Oskoee SS, Oskoee PA, Navimipour EJ, Shahi S. In vitro fracture resistance of endodontically-treated maxillary premolars. Oper Dent 2011; 12: 30-4
- 33 Suwatviroj P, Messer LB, Palamara JE. The effects of cavity preparation and lamination on bond strength and fracture of tooth-colored restorations in primary molars. Pediatr Dent 2003; 25: 534-40
- 34 Xu H, Jiang Z, Xiao X, Fu J, Su Q. Influence of cavity design on the biomechanics of direct composite resin restorations in Class IV preparations. Eur J Oral Sci 2012; 120: 161-7
- 35 Yaman SD, Yetmez M, Türköz E, Akkas N. Fracture resistance of Class II approximal slot restorations. J Prosthet Dent 2000; 84: 297-302
- 36 Liu X, Fok A, Li H. Influence of restorative material and proximal cavity design on the fracture resistance of MOD inlay restoration. Dent Mater 2014; 30: 327-33
- 37 Rathnam A, Nidhi M, Shigli AL, Indushekar KR. Comparative evaluation of slot versus dovetail design in class III composite restorations in primary anterior teeth. Contemp Clin Dent 2010; 1: 6-9
- 38 Seraj B, Ehsani S, Taravati S, Ghadimi S, Fatemi M, Safa S. Fracture resistance of cementum-extended composite fillings in severely damaged deciduous incisors: An in vitro study. Eur J Dent 2014; 8: 445-9