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DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.156837
An assessment of antibacterial activity of three pulp capping materials on Enterococcus faecalis by a direct contact test: An in vitro study
Publication History
Publication Date:
04 September 2019 (online)
ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate antimicrobial activities of three different pulp capping materials; Biodentine, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) Angelus, and Dycal against Enterococcus faecalis and their durability with time. Materials and Methods: Direct contact test was used for the assessment. Three sets of sealers were mixed and placed on microtiter plate wells: One set was used within 20 min of recommended setting time while others were used after 24-h and 1-week. E. faecalis suspension was placed directly on the materials for 1 h and then transferred to another plate with fresh media. Nine wells of bacteria without the tested cements served as the positive control. One well of the tested cements without bacteria served as the negative control. Bacterial growth was evaluated by a temperature-controlled microplate spectrophotometer for 1-h intervals among 24 h. Data were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis test. Results: All tested materials showed less bacterial density than the control group. MTA, Biodentine, and Dycal showed significantly higher bacterial density than the control group in freshly mixed samples (P < 0.05). And MTA showed significantly higher antibacterial activity than Dycal (P < 0.05). In 24 h, materials did not show any differences (P > 0.05). MTA and Biodentine samples showed significant differences than Dycal; MTA also showed higher antibacterial activity than control in 1-week samples (P < 0.05). Conclusion: While freshly mixed MTA showed the best antibacterial activity over time, Biodentine had shown similar antibacterial activity to MTA.
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Key words:
Antibacterial effect - bacteria - Biodentine - calcium hydroxide - calcium silicate - dental materials - direct contact test - Enterococcus faecalis - mineral trioxide aggregate - pulp capping
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Conflict of Interest
None declared.
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REFERENCES
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- 2 Mohammadi Z, Dummer PM. Properties and applications of calcium hydroxide in endodontics and dental traumatology. Int Endod J 2011; 44: 697-730
- 3 Schuurs AH, Gruythuysen RJ, Wesselink PR. Pulp capping with adhesive resin-based composite vs. calcium hydroxide: A review. Endod Dent Traumatol 2000; 16: 240-50
- 4 Farhad A, Mohammadi Z. Calcium hydroxide: A review. Int Dent J 2005; 55: 293-301
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- 10 Parirokh M, Torabinejad M. Mineral trioxide aggregate: A comprehensive literature review – Part I: Chemical, physical, and antibacterial properties. J Endod 2010; 36: 16-27
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- 14 Ribeiro CS, Kuteken FA, Hirata JúniorR, Scelza MF. Comparative evaluation of antimicrobial action of MTA, calcium hydroxide and Portland cement. J Appl Oral Sci 2006; 14: 330-3
- 15 Porteneier I, Waltimo TM, Haapasalo M. Enterococcus faecalis the root canal survivor and ‘star’ in post-treatment disease. Endod Topics 2003; 6: 135-59
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- 18 Haapasalo HK, Sirén EK, Waltimo TM, Ørstavik D, Haapasalo MP. Inactivation of local root canal medicaments by dentine: An in vitro study. Int Endod J 2000; 33: 126-31
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- 22 Lewinstein I, Matalon S, Slutzkey S, Weiss EI. Antibacterial properties of aged dental cements evaluated by direct-contact and agar diffusion tests. J Prosthet Dent 2005; 93: 364-71
- 23 Eldeniz AU, Erdemir A, Hadimli HH, Belli S, Erganis O. Assessment of antibacterial activity of EndoREZ. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2006; 102: 119-26
- 24 Lovato KF, Sedgley CM. Antibacterial activity of endosequence root repair material and proroot MTA against clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecalis . J Endod 2011; 37: 1542-6
- 25 Pérard M, Le Clerc J, Watrin T, Meary F, Pérez F, Tricot-Doleux S. et al. Spheroid model study comparing the biocompatibility of Biodentine and MTA. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2013; 24: 1527-34
- 26 Tran XV, Gorin C, Willig C, Baroukh B, Pellat B, Decup F. et al. Effect of a calcium-silicate-based restorative cement on pulp repair. J Dent Res 2012; 91: 1166-71
- 27 Camilleri J, Sorrentino F, Damidot D. Investigation of the hydration and bioactivity of radiopacified tricalcium silicate cement, Biodentine and MTA Angelus. Dent Mater 2013; 29: 580-93
- 28 Camilleri J. Investigation of Biodentine as dentine replacement material. J Dent 2013; 41: 600-10
- 29 About I, Camps J, Burger AS, Mitsiadis TA, Butler W, Franquin JC. The effects of bonding agents on the differentiation in vitro of human pulp cells into odontoblasts. Dent Mater 2005; 21: 156-63
- 30 Shayegan A, Jurysta C, Atash R, Petein M, Abbeele AV. Biodentine used as a pulp-capping agent in primary pig teeth. Pediatr Dent 2012; 34: e202-8
- 31 Zhang H, Pappen FG, Haapasalo M. Dentin enhances the antibacterial effect of mineral trioxide aggregate and bioaggregate. J Endod 2009; 35: 221-4
Correspondence:
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REFERENCES
- 1 Neelakantan P, Rao CV, Indramohan J. Bacteriology of deep carious lesions underneath amalgam restorations with different pulp-capping materials – An in vivo analysis. J Appl Oral Sci 2012; 20: 139-45
- 2 Mohammadi Z, Dummer PM. Properties and applications of calcium hydroxide in endodontics and dental traumatology. Int Endod J 2011; 44: 697-730
- 3 Schuurs AH, Gruythuysen RJ, Wesselink PR. Pulp capping with adhesive resin-based composite vs. calcium hydroxide: A review. Endod Dent Traumatol 2000; 16: 240-50
- 4 Farhad A, Mohammadi Z. Calcium hydroxide: A review. Int Dent J 2005; 55: 293-301
- 5 Asgary S, Akbari KamraniF, Taheri S. Evaluation of antimicrobial effect of MTA, calcium hydroxide, and CEM cement. Iran Endod J 2007; 2: 105-9
- 6 Min KS, Park HJ, Lee SK, Park SH, Hong CU, Kim HW. et al. Effect of mineral trioxide aggregate on dentin bridge formation and expression of dentin sialoprotein and heme oxygenase-1 in human dental pulp. J Endod 2008; 34: 666-70
- 7 Accorinte MdeL, Holland R, Reis A, Bortoluzzi MC, Murata SS, Dezan Jr E. et al. Evaluation of mineral trioxide aggregate and calcium hydroxide cement as pulp-capping agents in human teeth. J Endod 2008; 34: 1-6
- 8 Nowicka A, Lipski M, Parafiniuk M, Sporniak-Tutak K, Lichota D, Kosierkiewicz A. et al. Response of human dental pulp capped with biodentine and mineral trioxide aggregate. J Endod 2013; 39: 743-7
- 9 Torabinejad M, Hong CU, McDonald F, Pitt FordTR. Physical and chemical properties of a new root-end filling material. J Endod 1995; 21: 349-53
- 10 Parirokh M, Torabinejad M. Mineral trioxide aggregate: A comprehensive literature review – Part I: Chemical, physical, and antibacterial properties. J Endod 2010; 36: 16-27
- 11 Laurent P, Camps J, De Méo M, Déjou J, About I. Induction of specific cell responses to a Ca (3) SiO (5)-based posterior restorative material. Dent Mater 2008; 24: 1486-94
- 12 Barnes JJ, Patel S. Contemporary endodontics – Part 1. Br Dent J 2011; 211: 463-8
- 13 Byun R, Nadkarni MA, Chhour KL, Martin FE, Jacques NA, Hunter N. Quantitative analysis of diverse Lactobacillus species present in advanced dental caries. J Clin Microbiol 2004; 42: 3128-36
- 14 Ribeiro CS, Kuteken FA, Hirata JúniorR, Scelza MF. Comparative evaluation of antimicrobial action of MTA, calcium hydroxide and Portland cement. J Appl Oral Sci 2006; 14: 330-3
- 15 Porteneier I, Waltimo TM, Haapasalo M. Enterococcus faecalis the root canal survivor and ‘star’ in post-treatment disease. Endod Topics 2003; 6: 135-59
- 16 Sundqvist G, Figdor D, Persson S, Sjögren U. Microbiologic analysis of teeth with failed endodontic treatment and the outcome of conservative re-treatment. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1998; 85: 86-93
- 17 Hancock 3rd HH, Sigurdsson A, Trope M, Moiseiwitsch J. Bacteria isolated after unsuccessful endodontic treatment in a North American population. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2001; 91: 579-86
- 18 Haapasalo HK, Sirén EK, Waltimo TM, Ørstavik D, Haapasalo MP. Inactivation of local root canal medicaments by dentine: An in vitro study. Int Endod J 2000; 33: 126-31
- 19 Weiss EI, Shalhav M, Fuss Z. Assessment of antibacterial activity of endodontic sealers by a direct contact test. Endod Dent Traumatol 1996; 12: 179-84
- 20 Morgental RD, Vier-Pelisser FV, Oliveira SD, Antunes FC, Cogo DM, Kopper PM. Antibacterial activity of two MTA-based root canal sealers. Int Endod J 2011; 44: 1128-33
- 21 Anumula L, Kumar S, Kumar VS, Sekhar C, Krishna M, Pathapati RM. et al. An assessment of antibacterial activity of four endodontic sealers on Enterococcus faecalis by a direct contact test: An in vitro study. ISRN Dent 2012; 2012: 989781
- 22 Lewinstein I, Matalon S, Slutzkey S, Weiss EI. Antibacterial properties of aged dental cements evaluated by direct-contact and agar diffusion tests. J Prosthet Dent 2005; 93: 364-71
- 23 Eldeniz AU, Erdemir A, Hadimli HH, Belli S, Erganis O. Assessment of antibacterial activity of EndoREZ. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2006; 102: 119-26
- 24 Lovato KF, Sedgley CM. Antibacterial activity of endosequence root repair material and proroot MTA against clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecalis . J Endod 2011; 37: 1542-6
- 25 Pérard M, Le Clerc J, Watrin T, Meary F, Pérez F, Tricot-Doleux S. et al. Spheroid model study comparing the biocompatibility of Biodentine and MTA. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2013; 24: 1527-34
- 26 Tran XV, Gorin C, Willig C, Baroukh B, Pellat B, Decup F. et al. Effect of a calcium-silicate-based restorative cement on pulp repair. J Dent Res 2012; 91: 1166-71
- 27 Camilleri J, Sorrentino F, Damidot D. Investigation of the hydration and bioactivity of radiopacified tricalcium silicate cement, Biodentine and MTA Angelus. Dent Mater 2013; 29: 580-93
- 28 Camilleri J. Investigation of Biodentine as dentine replacement material. J Dent 2013; 41: 600-10
- 29 About I, Camps J, Burger AS, Mitsiadis TA, Butler W, Franquin JC. The effects of bonding agents on the differentiation in vitro of human pulp cells into odontoblasts. Dent Mater 2005; 21: 156-63
- 30 Shayegan A, Jurysta C, Atash R, Petein M, Abbeele AV. Biodentine used as a pulp-capping agent in primary pig teeth. Pediatr Dent 2012; 34: e202-8
- 31 Zhang H, Pappen FG, Haapasalo M. Dentin enhances the antibacterial effect of mineral trioxide aggregate and bioaggregate. J Endod 2009; 35: 221-4