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Appl Clin Inform 2011; 02(02): 240-249
DOI: 10.4338/ACI-2011-02-RA-0016
Research Article
Schattauer GmbH

The Role of Nonverbal and Verbal Communication in a Multimedia Informed Consent Process

Joseph M. Plasek
1   Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield, Wisc. USA
2   University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn., USA
,
David S. Pieczkiewicz
1   Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield, Wisc. USA
2   University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn., USA
,
Andrea N. Mahnke
1   Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield, Wisc. USA
,
Catherine A. McCarty
1   Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield, Wisc. USA
,
Justin B. Starren
1   Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield, Wisc. USA
,
Bonnie L. Westra
2   University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn., USA
› Author Affiliations
This study was grant funded by NIH National Human Genome Research Institute as a part of the eMERGE project, grant number 5 U01 U01HG04608. The authors would like to thank Wendy Foth, the primary research coordinator for PMRP at the Marshfield Clinic for participating in the study. The authors would also like to thank the Marshfield Clinic staffs who were involved with the larger study objectives: Valerie D. McManus, Carol J. Waudby, Joe Ellefson, Dave G. Hoffman, Nancy Stueland-Adamski. The authors would also like to thank the four anonymous reviewers for their comments.
Further Information

Correspondence to:

Joseph Plasek
Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation
Center for Human Genetics
1000 North Oak Avenue (ML1)
Marshfield, WI 54449
United States
Email: plas0024@umn.edu   

Publication History

Received: 16 February 2011

Accepted: 05 May 2011

Publication Date:
16 December 2017 (online)

Also available at
 
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Summary

Objective: Nonverbal and verbal communication elements enhance and reinforce the consent form in the informed consent process and need to be transferred appropriately to multimedia formats using interaction design when re-designing the process.

Methods: Observational, question asking behavior, and content analyses were used to analyze nonverbal and verbal elements of an informed consent process.

Results: A variety of gestures, interruptions, and communication styles were observed. Conclusion: In converting a verbal conversation about a textual document to multimedia formats, all aspects of the original process including verbal and nonverbal variation should be one part of an interaction community-centered design approach.


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Keywords

Informed consent - gestures - user-computer interface - multimedia

 


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Conflict of Interest

The authors have no conflicts to report. Joseph Plasek had full access to all of the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.

  • References

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    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
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    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
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    Search in Google Scholar
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    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
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    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar

Correspondence to:

Joseph Plasek
Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation
Center for Human Genetics
1000 North Oak Avenue (ML1)
Marshfield, WI 54449
United States
Email: plas0024@umn.edu   

  • References

  • 1 Cohn E, Larson E. Improving participant comprehension in the informed consent process. J Nurs Scholarsh 2007; 39: 273-280.
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 2 Eakin BL, Brady JS, Lusk SL. Creating a tailored, multimedia, computer-based intervention. Comput Nurs 2001; 19 152–160 quiz 161-163.
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 3 Flory J, Emanuel E. Interventions to improve research participants’ understanding in informed consent for research: a systematic review. JAMA 2004; 292: 1593-1601.
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 4 Green MJ. Use of an educational computer program before genetic counseling for breast cancer susceptibility: Effects on duration and content of counseling sessions. Genetics in Medicine 2005; 7: 221.
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 5 Green MJ, Biesecker BB, McInerney AM, Mauger D, Fost N. An interactive computer program can effectively educate patients about genetic testing for breast cancer susceptibility. Am J Med Genet 2001; 103: 16-23.
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 6 Jefford M, Moore R. Improvement of informed consent and the quality of consent documents. Lancet Oncol 2008; 9: 485-493.
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 7 Jimison HB, Sher PP, Appleyard R, LeVernois Y. The use of multimedia in the informed consent process. J Am Med Inform Assoc 1998; 5: 245-256.
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 8 Philipson SJ, Doyle MA, Gabram SG, Nightingale C, Philipson EH. Informed consent for research: a study to evaluate readability and processability to effect change. J Investig Med 1995; 43: 459-467.
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 9 Reider AE, Dahlinghaus AB. The impact of new technology on informed consent. Compr Ophthalmol Update 2006; 7: 299-302.
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 10 Rosoff AJ. Informed consent in the electronic age. Am J Law Med 1999; 25: 367-367.
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 11 Ryan RE, Prictor MJ, McLaughlin KJ, Hill SJ. Audio-visual presentation of information for informed consent for participation in clinical trials. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008 (1). 1-CD003717.
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 12 Agre P, Rapkin B. Improving informed consent: A comparison of four consent tools. IRB: Ethics and Human Research 2003; 25: 1-7.
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 13 McCarty CA, Nair A, Austin DM, Giampietro PF. Informed consent and subject motivation to participate in a large, population-based genomics study: the Marshfield Clinic Personalized Medicine Research Project Community. Genet 2007; 10: 2-9.
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 14 McCarty CA, Chapman-Stone D, Derfus T, Giampietro PF, Fost N. Marshfield Clinic PMRP Community Advisory Group.. Community consultation and communication for a population-based DNA biobank: the Marshfield clinic personalized medicine research project. Am J Med Genet A 2008; 146A 3026-3033.
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 15 Issa MM, Setzer E, Charaf C, Webb AL, Derico R, Kimberl IJ, Fink AS. Informed versus uninformed consent for prostate surgery: the value of electronic consents. J Urol 2006; 176: 694-9 discussion 699.
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 16 Paterick TJ, Paterick BB, Paterick TE. Expanding electronic transmissions in the practice of medicine and the role of electronic informed consent. Journal of Patient Safety 2008; 4: 217.
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 17 Tang JC. Findings from observational studies of collaborative work. International Journal of Man-Machine Studies 1991; 34: 143-160.
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 18 Bickmore TW, Pfeifer LM, Paasche-Orlow MK. Using computer agents to explain medical documents to patients with low health literacy. Patient Educ Couns 2009; 75: 315-320.
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 19 Whishaw IQ, Sacrey LR, Travis SG, Gholamrezaei G, Karl JM. The functional origins of speech-related hand gestures. Behav Brain Res 2010; 214: 206-215.
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 20 Clark A. Being there: putting brain, body, and world together again Cambridge. Mass: MIT Press; 1997
    Search in Google Scholar
  • 21 Cook SW, Tanenhaus MK. Embodied communication: Speakers’ gestures affect listeners’ actions. Cognition 2009; 113: 98-104.
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 22 Galliher JM, Post DM, Weiss BD, Dickinson LM, Manning BK, Staton EW, Brown JB, Hickner JM, Bonham AJ, Ryan BL, Pace WD. Patients’ question-asking behavior during primary care visits: A report from the AAFP national research network. Ann Fam Med 2010; 8: 151-159.
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 23 Elo S, Kyngäs H. The qualitative content analysis process. J Adv Nurs 2008; 62: 107-115.
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar

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