Ultraschall Med 2024; 45(01): 47-53
DOI: 10.1055/a-2048-6383
Original Article

Intra- and Interobserver Study Investigating the Adapted EFSUMB Bosniak Cyst Categorization Proposed for Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) in 2020

Intra- und Interobserver-Studie zur Untersuchung der für den kontrastmittelverstärkten Ultraschall (CEUS) adaptierten EFSUMB-Bosniak-Klassifikation im Jahr 2020
Frederic Münch
1   Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charite University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany (Ringgold ID: RIN14903)
,
Emanuel Ioan Eugen Silivasan
2   Department of Radiology, Charite University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany (Ringgold ID: RIN14903)
,
2   Department of Radiology, Charite University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany (Ringgold ID: RIN14903)
,
Friedemann Göhler
2   Department of Radiology, Charite University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany (Ringgold ID: RIN14903)
,
Zaza Galbavy
3   Department of Emergency Medicine (CVK, CCM), Charite University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany (Ringgold ID: RIN14903)
,
Kai-Uwe Eckardt
1   Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charite University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany (Ringgold ID: RIN14903)
,
Bernd Hamm
2   Department of Radiology, Charite University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany (Ringgold ID: RIN14903)
,
Thomas Fischer
2   Department of Radiology, Charite University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany (Ringgold ID: RIN14903)
,
2   Department of Radiology, Charite University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany (Ringgold ID: RIN14903)
› Author Affiliations

Abstract

Background To investigate the inter- and intraobserver variability in comparison to an expert gold standard of the new and modified renal cyst Bosniak classification proposed for contrast-enhanced ultrasound findings (CEUS) by the European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology (EFSUMB) in 2020.

Materials and Methods 84 CEUS examinations for the evaluation of renal cysts were evaluated retrospectively by six readers with different levels of ultrasound expertise using the modified Bosniak classification proposed for CEUS. All cases were anonymized, and each case was rated twice in randomized order. The consensus reading of two experts served as the gold standard, to which all other readers were compared. Statistical analysis was performed using Cohen’s weighted kappa tests, where appropriate.

Results Intraobserver variability showed substantial to almost perfect agreement (lowest kappa κ=0.74; highest kappa κ=0.94), with expert level observers achieving the best results. Comparison to the gold standard was almost perfect for experts (highest kappa κ=0.95) and lower for beginner and intermediate level readers still achieving mostly substantial agreement (lowest kappa κ=0.59). Confidence of rating was highest for Bosniak classes I and IV and lowest for classes IIF and III.

Conclusion Categorization of cystic renal lesions based on the Bosniak classification proposed by the EFSUMB in 2020 showed very good reproducibility. While even less experienced observers achieved mostly substantial agreement, training remains a major factor for better diagnostic performance.

Zusammenfassung

Ziel Untersuchung der Inter- und Intraobserver-Variabilität im Vergleich zu einem Experten-Goldstandard der neuen und modifizierten Bosniak-Klassifikation von Nierenzysten, die von der European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology (EFSUMB) im Jahr 2020 für Befunde im kontrastverstärkten Ultraschall (CEUS) vorgeschlagen wurde.

Material und Methoden 84 CEUS-Untersuchungen zur Beurteilung von Nierenzysten wurden retrospektiv von 6 Beobachtern mit unterschiedlicher Ultraschallexpertise anhand der für CEUS vorgeschlagenen modifizierten Bosniak-Klassifikation ausgewertet. Alle Fälle wurden anonymisiert, und jeder Fall wurde in randomisierter Reihenfolge 2-mal bewertet. Als Goldstandard diente der Konsens der Auswertung von 2 Experten, mit dem alle anderen Beobachter verglichen wurden. Die statistische Analyse erfolgte, sofern anwendbar, mittels Cohens Kappa.

Ergebnisse Die Intraobserver-Variabilität zeigte eine erhebliche bis nahezu perfekte Übereinstimmung (niedrigstes Kappa κ=0,74; höchstes Kappa κ=0,94), wobei die Beobachter auf Expertenebene die besten Ergebnisse erzielten. Der Vergleich mit dem Goldstandard war für Experten nahezu perfekt (höchstes Kappa κ=0,95) und für Anfänger und Fortgeschrittene geringer, wobei dennoch meist eine erhebliche Übereinstimmung erzielt wurde (niedrigstes Kappa κ=0,59). Das Konfidenzniveau war für die Bosniak-Klassen I und IV am höchsten und für die Klassen IIF und III am niedrigsten.

Schlussfolgerung Die Kategorisierung der zystischen Nierenläsionen nach der von der EFSUMB im Jahr 2020 vorgeschlagenen Bosniak-Klassifikation zeigte eine sehr gute Reproduzierbarkeit. Auch wenn selbst weniger erfahrene Beobachter meist eine erhebliche Übereinstimmung erzielten, ist die Ausbildung weiterhin ein wichtiger Faktor für eine bessere diagnostische Leistung.

Supplementary Material



Publication History

Received: 07 November 2022

Accepted after revision: 20 February 2023

Article published online:
18 April 2023

© 2023. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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