Synlett 2013; 24(9): 1133-1136
DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1338385
letter
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York

Deprotonative Metalation of Chlorothiophene with Grignard Reagents and Catalytic cis-2,6-Dimethylpiperidine under Mild Conditions

Shunsuke Tamba
Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan   Fax: +81(78)8036181   Email: amori@kobe-u.ac.jp
,
Kenji Ide
Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan   Fax: +81(78)8036181   Email: amori@kobe-u.ac.jp
,
Keisuke Shono
Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan   Fax: +81(78)8036181   Email: amori@kobe-u.ac.jp
,
Atsushi Sugie
Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan   Fax: +81(78)8036181   Email: amori@kobe-u.ac.jp
,
Atsunori Mori*
Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan   Fax: +81(78)8036181   Email: amori@kobe-u.ac.jp
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Received: 23 February 2013

Accepted after revision: 21 March 2013

Publication Date:
12 April 2013 (online)


Abstract

Deprotonative metalation of chlorothiophene takes place with a catalytic amount of cis-2,6-dimethylpiperidine (DMP) and an alkyl Grignard reagent at room temperature for three hours to give the corresponding thienyl Grignard reagent. Polymerization leading to head-to-tail-type poly(3-substituted thiophene) with the thus metalated chlorothiophene proceeds in the presence of a nickel catalyst bearing an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand. Palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction with aryl bromides also gives arylated thiophenes in good to excellent yields while the C–Cl bond remains intact.

Supporting Information

 
  • References and Notes

  • 3 Metal-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reaction . Diederich F, Stang PJ. Wiley-VCH; Weinheim: 1998

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  • 7 General procedure for polymerization of chlorothiophene 1: To a solution of 1.02 M EtMgCl (0.50 mL, 0.5 mmol) in THF were added 2-chloro-3-hexylthiophene (1; 0.5 mmol, 101 mg) and cis-2,6-dimethylpiperidine (0.05 mmol 6.7 μL) dropwise, and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 h. THF (4.5 mL) and NiCl2(PPh3)IPr (3.9 mg, 0.005 mmol) were successively added and stirring was continued at 25 °C for 24 h. Hydrochloric acid (1.0 M, 20 mL) and methanol (50 mL) were added to form a precipitate. The mixture was filtered and the residue was washed with methanol repeatedly to leave a dark-purple solid, which was dried under reduced pressure to afford poly(3-hexylthiophene) (3; 50 mg, 59% yield; M n = 13200, M w/M n= 1.39).

    • PEPPSI™: Pyridine-Enhanced Precatalyst Preparation Stabilization and Initiation. SIPr: 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazolidin-2-ylidene. See:
    • 8a O’Brien CJ, Kantchev EA. B, Valente C, Hadei N, Chass GA, Lough A, Hopkinson AC, Organ MG. Chem. Eur. J. 2006; 12: 4743
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  • 9 Tanaka S, Tamba S, Sugie A, Mori A. Heterocycles 2012; 86: 255
  • 10 General procedure for arylation of chlorothiophene: To a solution of 1.02 M EtMgCl (0.75 mL, 0.75 mmol) in THF were added 2-chloro-3-hexylthiophene (1; 0.5 mmol, 101 mg) and cis-2,6-dimethylpiperidine (0.05 mmol 6.7 μL) dropwise at room temperature and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 h. THF (2 mL), 4-bromotoluene (4a; 0.9 mmol, 0.11 mL), and PdCl2(dppf) (8.2 mg, 0.01 mmol) were successively added and stirring was continued at room temperature for 15.5 h. The reaction mixture was poured into water and the organic materials were extracted with diethyl ether. The organic layer was washed with water twice and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure to leave a crude oil, which was purified by column chromatography on silica gel using hexane as an eluent to afford 2-chloro-3-hexyl-5-(4′-methylphenyl)thiophene (5a; 101 mg). 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 0.89 (t, J = 6.9 Hz, 3 H), 1.25–1.43 (m, 6 H), 1.50–1.68 (m, 2 H), 2.35 (s, 3 H), 2.56 (t, J = 7.7 Hz, 2 H), 6.96 (s, 1 H), 7.16 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 2 H), 7.39 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 2 H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 14.07, 21.13, 22.59, 28.15, 28.93, 29.59, 31.63, 123.02, 123.07, 125.24, 129.56, 131.08, 137.51, 140.21, 140.62; IR (neat): 809, 1041, 1453, 1513, 2856, 2925, 2954; HRMS (DART-ESI+): m/z [M + H]+ calcd for C17H22 35ClS: 293.1131; found: 293.1131.
  • 13 Dohi, Kita, and co-workers recently reported an efficient three-step synthesis of this structure, see: Dohi T, Yamaoka N, Nakamura S, Sumida K, Morimoto K, Kita Y. Chem. Eur. J. 2013; 19: 2067