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Endosc Int Open 2014; 02(01): E6-E14
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1365235
Review
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Embolization versus surgery for peptic ulcer bleeding after failed endoscopic hemostasis: a meta-analysis

Moe Kyaw
1   Institute of Digestive Diseases, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
,
Yee Tse
1   Institute of Digestive Diseases, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
,
Daphne Ang
2   Department of Gastroenterology, Changi General Hospital, Singapore
,
Tiing Leong Ang
2   Department of Gastroenterology, Changi General Hospital, Singapore
,
James Lau
1   Institute of Digestive Diseases, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

received 10 September 2013

accepted after revision 04 January 2014

Publication Date:
07 March 2014 (online)

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Background and study aims: A meta-analysis was conducted to assess the efficacy of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) compared with surgery in the management of patients with recurrent nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB) after failure of endoscopic hemostasis.

Patients and methods: Publications in English and non-English literatures (OVID, MEDLINE, and EMBASE) and abstracts from major international conferences were searched for studies comparing TAE with surgery for treatment of NVUGIB after endoscopic hemostasis failure. Outcome measures included rebleeding rate, all-cause mortality rate, and need for additional interventions to secure hemostasis.

Results: From 1234 citations, 6 retrospective comparative studies were included that involved 423 patients (TAE, 182, 56 % male; surgery, 241, 68 % male). TAE patients were older (mean age, TAE 75, surgery, 68). The risk of rebleeding was significantly higher in TAE patients compared with surgically treated patients (relative risk [RR] 1.82, 95 % confidence interval [95 %CI] 1.23 – 2.67), with no statistically significant heterogeneity among the included studies (P = 0.66, I 2 = 0.0 %). After sensitivity analysis excluding studies with a large age difference between the two groups, a higher risk of bleeding remained in the TAE group (RR 2.64, 95 %CI] 1.48 – 4.71). No significant difference in mortality (RR 0.87, 95 %CI 0.59 – 1.29) or requirement for additional interventions (RR 1.67, 95 %CI 0.75 – 3.70) was shown between the two groups.

Conclusion: A higher rebleeding rate was observed after TAE, suggesting surgery more definitively secured hemostasis, with no significant difference in mortality rate or requirement of additional interventions. The TAE patients were older and in poorer health, thus future randomized studies are needed for accurate comparison of the two modalities.

 

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