Subscribe to RSS
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-104413
MAOD Determined in a Single Supramaximal Test: a Study on the Reliability and Effects of Supramaximal Intensities
Publication History
accepted after revision 24 February 2016
Publication Date:
13 May 2016 (online)
Abstract
The main barrier to the wide use of maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAOD) is the considerable time required to apply several sub- and supra-maximal exercise sessions. The main question of this study was whether the determination of MAOD using a single supramaximal exercise session (MAODALT) is valid and reliable in running. We investigated the effects of the supramaximal exercise intensity (A) and the reliability of a single supramaximal exercise session (B) to assess MAOD in treadmill running. For this aim 29 subjects participated in A & B studies with single allocation “A” (n=15) and “B” (n=14). The conventional MAOD and 8 MAODALT were determined in exhaustive efforts varying between 100–150% at an intensity associated with maximal oxygen uptake (i+V˙O2MAX). In B study 2 supramaximal efforts were applied to analyze the test-retest reliability. Non-significant differences were found between MAOD and the 8 values of MAODALT. Despite the MAOD being statistically correlated with the MAODALT 100% i+V˙O2MAX (0.49<r>0.59), MAODALT determined at 115% of i+V˙O2MAX (52.4±1.7 mL·kg−1) presented the higher correlation values (0.65<r>0.77) and concordance. In addition, the MAOD at 115% of i+V˙O2MAX presented high test-retest reliability. MAODALT determined at 115% of i+V˙O2MAX was a valid and reliable method to assess MAOD in running.
-
References
- 1 Atkinson G, Nevill AM. Statistical methods for assessing measurement error (reliability) in variables relevant to sports medicine. Sports Med 1998; 26: 217-238
- 2 Bertuzzi R, Kiss MA, Damasceno M, Oliveira RS, Lima-Silva AE. Association between anaerobic components of the maximal accumulated oxygen deficit and 30-second Wingate test. Braz J Med Biol Res 2015; 48: 261-266
- 3 Bertuzzi RC, Franchini E, Ugrinowitsch C, Kokubun E, Lima-Silva AE, Pires FO, Nakamura FY, Kiss MA. Predicting MAOD using only a supramaximal exhaustive test. Int J Sports Med 2010; 31: 477-481
- 4 Borg GA. Psychophysical bases of perceived exertion. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1982; 14: 377-381
- 5 Brisola GP, Miyagi WE, da Silva H, Zagatto AM. Sodium bicarbonate supplementation improved MAOD but is not correlated with 200 and 400m running performances: a double blind, crossover and placebo controlled study. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2015; 40: 931-937
- 6 Buck D, McNaughton LR. Changing the number of submaximal exercise bouts effects calculation of MAOD. Int J Sports Med 1999; 20: 28-33
- 7 Craig NP, Norton KI, Conyers RA, Woolford SM, Bourdon PC, Stanef T, Walsh CB. Influence of test duration and event specificity on maximal accumulated oxygen deficit of high performance track cyclists. Int J Sports Med 1995; 16: 534-540
- 8 di Prampero PE, Ferretti G. The energetics of anaerobic muscle metabolism: a reappraisal of older and recent concepts. Respir Physiol 1999; 118: 103-115
- 9 Doherty M, Smith PM. The reliability of cycling maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAOD) and time to exhaustion (T(lim)) in untrained subjects. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2001; 33: 1794-1795
- 10 Doherty M, Smith PM, Schroder K. Reproducibility of the maximum accumulated oxygen deficit and run time to exhaustion during short-distance running. J Sports Sci 2000; 18: 331-338
- 11 Duffield R, Dawson B, Goodman C. Energy system contribution to 100-m and 200-m track running events. J Sci Med Sport 2004; 7: 302-313
- 12 Gastin PB, Costill DL, Lawson DL, Krzeminski K, McConell GK. Accumulated oxygen deficit during supramaximal all-out and constant intensity exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1995; 27: 255-263
- 13 Harriss DJ, Atkinson G. Ethical Standards in Sport and Exercise Science Research: 2016 Update. Int J Sports Med 2015; 36: 1121-1124
- 14 Haseler LJ, Hogan MC, Richardson RS. Skeletal muscle phosphocreatine recovery in exercise-trained humans is dependent on O-2 availability. J Appl Physiol 1999; 86: 2013-2018
- 15 Hopkins WG. Measures of reliability in sports medicine and science. Sports Med 2000; 30: 1-15
- 16 Hopkins WG, Marshall SW, Batterham AM, Hanin J. Progressive statistics for studies in sports medicine and exercise science. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2009; 41: 3-13
- 17 Howley ET, Bassett Jr DR, Welch HG. Criteria for maximal oxygen uptake: review and commentary. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1995; 27: 1292-1301
- 18 Jacobs I, Bleue S, Goodman J. Creatine ingestion increases anaerobic capacity and maximum accumulated oxygen deficit. Can J Appl Physiol 1997; 22: 231-243
- 19 Jones AM, Doust JH. A 1% treadmill grade most accurately reflects the energetic cost of outdoor running. J Sport Sci 1996; 14: 321-327
- 20 Kuipers H, Verstappen FT, Keizer HA, Geurten P, van KG. Variability of aerobic performance in the laboratory and its physiologic correlates. Int J Sports Med 1985; 6: 197-201
- 21 Maxwell NS, Nimmo MA. Anaerobic capacity: a maximal anaerobic running test versus the maximal accumulated oxygen deficit. Can J Appl Physiol 1996; 21: 35-47
- 22 Mazzeo RS, Brooks GA, Schoeller DA, Budinger TF. Disposal of blood [1-13C]lactate in humans during rest and exercise. J Appl Physiol 1985 1986; 60: 232-241
- 23 Medbo JI, Mohn AC, Tabata I, Bahr R, Vaage O, Sejersted OM. Anaerobic capacity determined by maximal accumulated O2 deficit. J Appl Physiol 1988; 64: 50-60
- 24 Milioni F, Malta ES, LGSA Rocha, Mesquita CAA, Freitas EC, Zagatto AM. Acute administration of high doses of taurine does not substantially improve high-intensity running performance and the effect on maximal accumulated oxygen deficit is unclear. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2016; In Press
- 25 Minahan C, Chia M, Inbar O. Does power indicate capacity? 30-s Wingate anaerobic test vs. maximal accumulated O2 deficit. Int J Sports Med 2007; 28: 836-843
- 26 Noordhof DA, de Koning JJ, Foster C. The maximal accumulated oxygen deficit method: a valid and reliable measure of anaerobic capacity?. Sports Med 2010; 40: 285-302
- 27 Noordhof DA, Skiba PF, de Koning JJ. Determining anaerobic capacity in sporting activities. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2013; 8: 475-482
- 28 Ozyener F, Rossiter HB, Ward SA, Whipp BJ. Influence of exercise intensity on the on- and off-transient kinetics of pulmonary oxygen uptake in humans. J Physiol 2001; 533: 891-902
- 29 Padulo J, Chamari K, Ardigò LP. Walking and running on treadmill: the standard criteria for kinematics studies. Muscles, ligaments and tendons J 2014; 4: 159-162
- 30 Pouilly JP, Busso T. Accumulated oxygen deficit during ramp exercise. Int J Sports Med 2008; 29: 16-20
- 31 Rowntree D. Statistics without tears. An introduction for non-mathematicians. London: Penguin; 2000
- 32 Spencer MR, Gastin PB. Energy system contribution during 200- to 1500-m running in highly trained athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2001; 33: 157-162
- 33 Stoggl T, Lindinger S, Muller E. Reliability and validity of test concepts for the cross-country skiing sprint. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2006; 38: 586-591
- 34 Weber CL, Schneider DA. Maximal accumulated oxygen deficit expressed relative to the active muscle mass for cycling in untrained male and female subjects. Eur J Appl Physiol 2000; 82: 255-261
- 35 Weber CL, Schneider DA. Reliability of MAOD measured at 110% and 120% of peak oxygen uptake for cycling. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2001; 33: 1056-1059
- 36 Weir JP. Quantifying test-retest reliability using the intraclass correlation coefficient and the SEM. J Strength Cond Res 2005; 19: 231-240
- 37 Zagatto A, Papoti M, Leite JVM, Beneke R. Energetics of Table Tennis and Table Tennis specific Exercise Testing. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2016; In press
- 38 Zagatto A, Redkva P, Loures J, Kalva Filho C, Franco V, Kaminagakura E, Papoti M. Anaerobic contribution during maximal anaerobic running test: correlation with maximal accumulated oxygen deficit. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2011; 21: e222-e230
- 39 Zagatto AM, Gobatto CA. Relationship between anaerobic parameters provided from MAOD and critical power model in specific table tennis test. Int J Sports Med 2012; 33: 613-620