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DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-38741
First Catalytic, Enantioselective Aldol-Tishchenko Reactions with Ketone Aldols as Enol Equivalents
Publikationsverlauf
Publikationsdatum:
17. April 2003 (online)
Abstract
Chiral zirconiumTADDOLates were found to catalyze the aldol-Tishchenko reaction of diacetone alcohol (1a) and two other ketone aldol adducts 1b and 1c with a range of aldehydes giving rise to differentiated 1,3-anti-diol monoesters in good yields, complete diastereocontrol and moderate enantioselectivities.
Key words
aldol reaction - asymmetric catalysis - ketone aldols - Tishchenko reduction - zirconium
- 1 For an excellent compilation
of catalytic, enantioselective processes see: Comprehensive
Asymmetric Catalysis
Jacobsen EN.Pfaltz A.Yamamoto H. Springer; Heidelberg: 1999.MissingFormLabel - For reviews see:
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Carreira EM. Comprehensive Asymmetric Catalysis Vol. 3:Jacobsen EN.Pfaltz A.Yamamoto H. Springer; Heidelberg: 1999. p.998 - 2e
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Yoshida K.Ogasawara M.Hayashi T. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124: 10984 - A slightly different approach was pursued by Feringa, Alexakis, and Krische who investigated catalytic, enantioselective conjugate additions to enones followed by a diastereoselective aldol reaction, see:
- 11a
Feringa BL.Pineschi M.Arnold LA.Imbos R.de Vries AHM. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1997, 36: 2620 ; Angew. Chem. 1997, 109, 2733 - 11b
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Nevalainen V.Simpura I. Tetrahedron Lett. 2001, 42: 3905 - 15 Evans et al. have established
metal-catalyzed, highly anti-diastereoselective
Tishchenko reductions of β-hydroxy ketones, see:
Evans DA.Hoveyda AH. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112: 6447 - 16 For a comprehensive review about
synthesis and various applications of tartaric acid-derived TADDOLs
as chiral ligands and auxiliaries see:
Seebach D.Beck AK.Heckel A. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2001, 40: 92 ; Angew. Chem. 2001, 113, 97 and ref. cited therein - 18a The
diols derived from the aldol-Tishchenko products 3a, 3b, and 10b were
independently synthesized through anti-diastereoselective
(Me4N)BH(OAc)3-reduction of the corresponding
aldol products which were obtained according to the following references:
List B.Lerner RA.Barbas CF. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122: 2395 - 18b In addition see:
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Ramachandran PV.Xu W.Brown HC. Tetrahedron Lett. 1996, 37: 4911 - 18d The absolute configuration
of the diol derived from 9b was assigned
based upon the known rotation value, see:
Marinetti A.Genet J.-P.Jus S.Blanc D.Ratovelomanana-Vidal V. Chem.-Eur. J. 1999, 5: 1160 - 18e
The absolute configuration of all other products was assigned in analogy to these experiments
- 21 For an excellent review about
nonlinear effects see:
Girard C.Kagan HB. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1998, 37: 2922 ; Angew. Chem. 1998, 110, 3089
References
All new products were fully characterized by 1H and 13C NMR, IR, MS and elemental analysis. Representative spectroscopic data: 3a: [α]D 20 = +8.9° (c = 1.0, CHCl3, 47% ee); IR (film): 3452, 2969, 2936, 2878, 1731, 1272, 1202, 1163, 1072 cm-1; 1H (200 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 0.94 (d, J = 7.0 Hz, 6 H, i-Pr), 1.19 (d, J = 7.0 Hz, 3 H, CH3) 1.22 (d, J = 7.0 Hz, 6 H, i-Pr), 1.56 (m, 2 H, CH2), 1.81 [m, 1 H, CH(CH3)2], 2.61 [sept, J = 7.0 Hz, 1 H, CH(CH3)2], 3.02 (br s, 1 H, OH), 3.58 (m, 1 H, CHOH), 4.88 (m, 1 H, CHOCOR); 13C (50 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 17.61, 18.87, 19.14, 19.23, 22.91, 32.16, 34.39, 41.61, 63.25, 75.49, 178.6; MS (200 eV, DCI/NH3): m/z = 422(1) [2M + NH4 +], 237(3) [M + NH3 + NH4 +], 220(100) [M + NH4 +], 202(8) [M + H+]; Calculated for C11H22O3 (202.29): C 65.31, H 10.96; Found C 65.22, H 11.02; 10b: [α]D 20 = +11.5 (c = 0.85, CHCl3, 57% ee); IR (film): 3518, 2967, 2876, 1714, 1389, 1267, 1204, 1163, 1070, 1011 cm-1; 1H (200 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 0.89 (s, 9 H, t-Bu), 0.93 (d, J = 7.0 Hz, 6 H, i-Pr), 1.20 (d, J = 7.0 Hz, 6 H, i-Pr), 1.28-1.72 (m, 2 H, CH2), 1.75-1.95 [m, 1 H, CH(CH3)2], 2.50 (br s, 1 H, OH), 2.61 [sept, J = 7.0 Hz, 1 H, CH(CH3)2], 3.00 (dd, J = 10.5, 2.0 Hz, 1 H, CHOH), 4.95 (ddd, J = 10.5 Hz, 5.0 Hz, 2.0 Hz, 1 H, CHOCOR); 13C (50 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 17.63, 18.97, 19.20, 19.26, 25.94, 32.37, 33.96, 34.41, 34.42, 74.73, 75.81, 178.4; MS (200 eV, DCI/NH3): m/z = 279 (1) [M + NH3 + NH4 +], 262 (100) [M + NH4 +]. Calculated for C14H28O3 (244.37): C 68.81, H 11.55; Found: C 69.08, 11.29.
19The following Zr-BINOLate complexes were tested in the reaction of 1a and 2a under otherwise identical reaction conditions: Zr(t-BuO)4/(R)-BINOL: 31% yield (28% ee); Zr(t-BuO)4/(R)-6,6′-Br2-BINOL: 35% yield (25% ee); Zr(t-BuO)4/(R)-3,3′-Br2-BINOL: 62% yield (0% ee); Zr(t-BuO)4/(R)-3,3′-Ph2-BINOL: 89% yield (28% ee).
20Prepared by the l-proline-catalyzed aldol addition of acetone and isobutyraldehyde according to ref. [4]