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Gesundheitswesen 2020; 82(11): 901-908
DOI: 10.1055/a-0921-7076
Originalarbeit

Lehrerbasierte Gesundheitsförderung bei Grundschulkindern in Baden-Württemberg: Effekte auf Ausdauerleistungsfähigkeit und Inzidenz abdominaler Adipositas

Teacher-Based Health Promotion in Primary School Children in Baden-Württemberg: Effects on Endurance Performance and Incidence of Abdominal Obesity
Susanne Kobel   *
1   Sport- und Rehabilitationsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm
,
Dorothea Kesztyüs   *
2   Institut für Allgemeinmedizin, Universität Ulm, Ulm
,
Jürgen Michael Steinacker
1   Sport- und Rehabilitationsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm
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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund Gesundheitsförderung sollte früh beginnen. Vielen Präventionsprogrammen fehlt der Nachweis der Effektivität. Ein Programm, das einen aktiven und gesunden Lebensstil von Grundschulkindern fördert, ist „Komm mit in das gesunde Boot“.

Ziel der Studie Untersuchung der Wirkung der einjährigen schulbasierten Intervention auf Ausdauerleistungsfähigkeit und Inzidenz abdominaler Adipositas der Kinder in einer clusterrandomisierten Studie.

Methodik Daten von 1739 Kindern (7,1±0,6 Jahre) lagen zu beiden Messzeitpunkten vor. Hintergrundvariablen wurden in Elternfragebögen erfasst. Die Ausdauerleistungsfähigkeit (6-Minuten-Lauf) und anthropometrischen Daten wurden vor Ort erfasst. Kinder mit einem Bauchumfang-Körpergrößenverhältnis (WHtR) ≥0,5 wurden als abdominal adipös eingestuft. Die Differenz der Ausdauerleistungsfähigkeit und die Inzidenz abdominaler Adipositas zwischen den Messzeitpunkten wurden berechnet und in einfachen sowie hierarchischen Regressionsmodellen unter Berücksichtigung des Schuleffekts analysiert.

Ergebnisse Adjustiert auf Geschlecht und Klassenstufe war die Differenz in gelaufenen Metern in der Interventionsgruppe nach einem Jahr signifikant größer (70,5±128,6 m vs. 59,2±106,6 m, n=1708). Nach Berücksichtigung der Datenclusterung in Schulen ging die Signifikanz jedoch verloren. Die Chancen (engl. Odds) für die Entwicklung abdominaler Adipositas in der Interventionsgruppe waren nach Adjustierung auf Geschlecht, Klassenstufe, Baseline WHtR und Nicht-Frühstücken um mehr als die Hälfte verringert (Odds Ratio=0,48, 95% KI [0,25; 0,94], n=1535).

Schlussfolgerung Kinder sollten von klein auf lernen, gesunde Entscheidungen zu treffen. Mit der Prävention abdominaler Adipositas als Indikator zeichnet sich diese Intervention als effektive Gesundheitsförderung aus.

Abstract

Background Health promotion has to start early. Many prevention programmes lack proof of effectiveness. A programme that promotes an active and healthy lifestyle for primary school children in Baden-Württemberg is “Join the Healthy Boat”.

Aim The effect of this one-year school-based intervention on endurance performance and incidence of paediatric abdominal obesity was investigated in a large cluster randomised study.

Methods Data of 1739 children (7.1±0.6 years) were available at baseline and follow-up. Background variables were assessed via parent questionnaires. Endurance performance (6-minute run) and anthropometric data were collected on-site. Children with waist-to-height-ratio (WHtR) ≥ 0.5 were classified as being abdominally obese. The difference in endurance capacity and the incidence of abdominal obesity between baseline and follow-up were calculated and analysed in simple and hierarchical regression models taking into account the school effect.

Results Adjusted for gender and grade level, the difference in completed meters in the intervention group after one year was significantly greater (70.5±128.6 vs. 59.2±106.6 m, n=1708). However, after taking into account data clustering of schools, the significance was lost. Odds for the development of abdominal obesity in the intervention group were more than halved after adjustment for gender, grade, baseline WHtR and no-breakfasts (odds ratio=0.48, 95% CI [0.25; 0.94], n=1535).

Conclusion Children should learn to make healthy choices from an early age. With the prevention of abdominal obesity as an indicator, this intervention is characterised as an effective health promotion.

Schlüsselwörter

Schulische Gesundheitsförderung - Ausdauerleistungsfähigkeit - abdominale Adipositas - clusterrandomisierte Studie

Key words

endurance performance - abdominal obesity - cluster-randomised study - health promotion in school

* geteilte Erstautorenschaft.




Publication History

Article published online:
16 July 2019

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