Zusammenfassung
Das Ellenbogengelenk wird durch die beteiligten Knochen, Bandstrukturen und Sehnen von Extensoren und Flexoren stabilisiert. Die Instabilität des Gelenks ist nicht genau definiert, daher spielt die Bildgebung für die genaue Diagnostik eine entscheidende Rolle. Dieser Beitrag stellt die beteiligten Strukturen, die Formen der Instabilität und die diagnostischen Möglichkeiten im Detail vor.
Abstract
Because of the diverse clinical presentation, the diagnosis of elbow instability is clinically difficult, yet critical to satisfactory treatment.
Acute instabilities most commonly occur traumatically as a result of elbow dislocations, most commonly in falls on the extended and externally rotated arm. The most important bony stabilizer of the elbow joint is the ulnohumeral joint, and the most important ligamentous structures are the medial collateral ligament (MCL) and the lateral collateral ligament complex (LCL complex). Posterolateral rotational instability (PLRI) is the most common pattern of elbow instability.
Restoration of a congruent and stable joint is the primary goal of treatment, therefore, understanding of biomechanical relationships and specific diagnosis are essential. In clinical practice, joint instability can only be diagnosed on conventional imaging if there is pronounced joint incongruence; therefore, so-called 'warning signs' of elbow instability should be excluded before and after reduction. Insufficient healing of the ruptured collateral ligaments after trauma can lead to insufficiency of the ligaments and chronic instability of the joint as it progresses.
Schlüsselwörter
Ellenbogen - Instabilität - MRT
Key words
elbow - instability - MRI
