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Rofo 2021; 193(12): 1403-1410
DOI: 10.1055/a-1460-8795
Review

Magnetresonanztomografische Zeichen des idiopathischen Parkinson-Syndroms sowie atypischer Parkinson-Syndrome

Article in several languages: English | deutsch
Schekeb Aludin
  Clinic for Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein – Campus Kiel, Germany
,
Lars-Patrick Andreas Schmill
  Clinic for Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein – Campus Kiel, Germany
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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund Die Diagnostik des idiopathischen Parkinson-Syndroms und der atypischen Parkinson-Syndrome basiert auf der klinischen Einschätzung der Patientensymptomatik und der gezielten Bildgebung mittels Magnetresonanztomografie, welche noch durch nuklearmedizinische Verfahren ergänzt werden kann. Die Bildgebung dient hierbei der Aufgabe der Differenzierung der verschiedenen Erkrankungen. Während atypische Parkinson-Syndrome recht spezifische MR-Zeichen aufweisen, ist das idiopathische Parkinson-Syndrom bildmorphologisch bisher eher als unspezifisch zu werten. Hohe Feldstärken und optimierte MR-Sequenzen ermöglichen jedoch neuerdings die Definition von spezifischen MR-Zeichen, welche Potenzial in der differenzierteren Bildgebung, der Frühdiagnostik und der Verlaufsdiagnostik des idiopathischen Parkinson-Syndroms hegen.

Methode Es erfolgte eine gezielte PubMed-Recherche mit Fokus auf Arbeiten zur Definition und Erörterung spezifischer MR-Zeichen des idiopathischen Parkinson-Syndroms sowie der häufigsten atypischen Parkinson-Syndrome mit führender motorischer Komponente. Es erfolgte keine Zeitraumbegrenzung bei besonderem Augenmerk auf aktuelle Literatur.

Ergebnisse Der vorliegende Übersichtsartikel erörtert die verschiedenen neuen MR-Zeichen des idiopathischen Parkinson-Syndroms sowie die bekannten Zeichen der Multisystematrophie und der progressiven supranukleären Blickparese. Die den Zeichen zugrunde liegende Pathologie wird jeweils definiert sowie bildmorphologische Beispiele gegeben. Es werden die technischen Aspekte der Untersuchungen kurz erörtert und die Zeichen anhand aktueller Literatur hinsichtlich der diagnostischen Wertigkeit zueinander verglichen.

Schlussfolgerung Die bei hohen Feldstärken und optimierten Sequenzen definierbaren MR-Zeichen des idiopathischen Parkinson-Syndroms ermöglichen eine differenziertere strukturelle Befundung und konsekutive Diagnostik. Die Zeichen müssen in größeren Studien weiter validiert werden, können jedoch künftig eine entscheidende diagnostische Relevanz in der Bildgebung der Erkrankungen aus dem Parkinson-Formenkreis bieten.

Kernaussagen: 

  • Hohe Feldstärken und spezielle Sequenzen ermöglichen die Definition spezifischer MRT-Zeichen neurodegenerativer Erkrankungen.

  • Zerebrale Veränderungen lassen sich bereits in Prodromalphasen des idiopathischen Parkinson-Syndroms detektieren.

  • Kombinationen spezifischer MRT-Zeichen ermöglichen eine Differenzierung eines idiopathischen Parkinson-Syndroms von atypischen Parkinson-Syndromen.

  • Schlüsselwörter: idiopathisches Parkinson-Syndrom, atypische Parkinson-Syndrome, Magnetresonanztomografie

Zitierweise

  • Aludin S, Schmill LA. MRI Signs of Parkinson’s Disease and Atypical Parkinsonism. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2021; 193: 1403 – 1410

Key words

Parkinson’s disease - atypical parkinsonism - MR imaging


Publication History

Received: 30 October 2020

Accepted: 03 March 2021

Article published online:
25 May 2021

© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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