Vaskulitis mimics

Zusammenfassung

Idiopathische Vaskulitiden sind seltene entzündliche Systemerkrankungen, die nach der Chapel-Hill Konsensus-Nomenklatur nach der Größe der prädominant betroffenen Gebiete von Blutgefäßen (große, mittelgroße, kleine Gefäße und Gefäße variabler Größe) eingeteilt werden. Vaskulitis mimics sind Syndrome, die ein ähnliches klinisches Bild hervorrufen oder leicht mit einer idiopathischen Vaskulitis verwechselt werden und teils sogar ein Krankheitsbild, das klinisch und histologisch einer Vaskulitis gleicht, auslösen können. Die Zahl der Vaskulitis mimics ist groß, je nach betroffenem Gefäßgebiet kommen hereditäre Erkrankungen des Bindegewebes, genetisch bedingte Immundefekt- und Autoinflammationssyndrome, infektiöse Erkrankungen, seltene entzündliche Systemerkrankungen, Tumorerkrankungen, medikamenteninduzierte Syndrome und zahlreiche weitere infrage. In diesem Review wird eine Auswahl klassischer Imitatoren von Vaskulitiden, orientiert an der Größe der betroffenen Blutgefäße präsentiert und Konstellationen, die typische „Fallstricke“ in der klinischen Abklärung darstellen können, diskutiert.

Abstract

Idiopathic vasculitides are rare inflammatory systemic diseases grouped in the Chapel-Hill concensus nomenclature by the size of the predominantly affected vessels (large, medium, small and variable vessel vasculitis). Vasculitis mimics are syndromes that cause a clinical image similar to idiopathic vasculitides or can easily be confused with them. Sometimes they even cause the full-blown clinical and histological pattern of a vasculitis disease. There are numerous vasculitis mimics: depending on the affected vessel size, hereditary connective tissue diseases, genetic immunodeficiency and autoinflammatory syndromes, infectious diseases, rare inflammatory systemic diseases, malignancies, drug-induced syndromes and several others should be considered. This review presents a selection of classical mimickers of vasculitides grouped by vessel size and discusses constellations that can be typical “pitfalls” in the clinical workup.

Schlüsselwörter

Riesenzellarteriitis - medikamenteninduziert - infektiöse Aortitis - Endokarditis - ANCA

Key words

drug-induced - infectious aortitis - endocarditis - ANCA - giant-cell arteritis

Publication History

Article published online:
20 February 2023

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