Synlett 2023; 34(17): 1961-1977
DOI: 10.1055/a-2068-7126
account

Synthesis of Natural Products, Carbocycles, and Heterocycles by Hauser–Kraus Annulation

Chenikkayala Siva Sankara
,
Shweta Prakash Gaikwad
,
I.N.N.N. thanks SERB India for financial support for research in the area of Hauser-Kraus Chemistry.


Abstract

In this Account, we summarize recent developments in Hauser–Kraus (H–K) annulation with respect to syntheses of natural products and other functionalized, fused, or spiro carbocycles and heterocycles. Although the classical H–K annulation occurs between a 1,4-dipolar synthon (a 3-nucleophilic phthalide), and a 1,2-dipolar synthon (a Michael acceptor), alternative modes of annulation, such as [4+4] and [4+1], as well as other reactivities of 3-nucleophilic phthalides that have been reported in recent years, are also covered in this account.

1 Introduction

2 Hauser–Kraus Annulation in Total Syntheses

3 Hauser–Kraus Annulation Methodologies

3.1 [4+2] Annulation

3.2 [4+4] Annulation Followed by Rearrangement

3.3 Michael Addition Followed by E2 Elimination

4 Miscellaneous Reactions

5 Conclusions



Publication History

Received: 12 March 2023

Accepted after revision: 04 April 2023

Accepted Manuscript online:
04 April 2023

Article published online:
23 May 2023

© 2023. Thieme. All rights reserved

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany