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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Endosc Int Open 2023; 11(06): E588-E598
DOI: 10.1055/a-2085-4565
Original article

Current state of biliary cannulation techniques during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP): International survey study

Abdul Kouanda 
1   Gastroenterology, University of California San Francisco Medical Center at Parnassus, San Francisco, United States (Ringgold ID: RIN43166)
,
Alexis Bayudan
1   Gastroenterology, University of California San Francisco Medical Center at Parnassus, San Francisco, United States (Ringgold ID: RIN43166)
,
Azhar Hussain
2   Medicine, Ameer-ud-Din Medical College of PGMI, Lahore, Pakistan (Ringgold ID: RIN473255)
,
Patrick Avila
1   Gastroenterology, University of California San Francisco Medical Center at Parnassus, San Francisco, United States (Ringgold ID: RIN43166)
,
Faisal Kamal 
3   Gastroenterology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, United States (Ringgold ID: RIN12326)
,
Muhammad Khalid Hasan
4   Center for Interventional Endoscopy, Florida Hospital Orlando, Orlando, United States (Ringgold ID: RIN6244)
,
Sun-Chuan Dai
1   Gastroenterology, University of California San Francisco Medical Center at Parnassus, San Francisco, United States (Ringgold ID: RIN43166)
,
Craig Munroe
1   Gastroenterology, University of California San Francisco Medical Center at Parnassus, San Francisco, United States (Ringgold ID: RIN43166)
,
Nikhil Thiruvengadam
5   Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, United States (Ringgold ID: RIN4608)
,
Mustafa A Arain
6   Center for Interventional Endoscopy, AdventHealth Orlando, Orlando, United States (Ringgold ID: RIN440172)
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Abstract

Background and study aims Endoscopist techniques affect biliary cannulation success and the risk of adverse events during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). This survey study aims to understand the current practice of biliary cannulation techniques among endoscopists.

Methods Practicing endoscopists were sent an anonymous 28-question electronic survey on biliary cannulation techniques and intraprocedural pancreatitis prophylactic strategies.

Results The survey was completed by 692 endoscopists (6.2% females). A wire-guided cannulation technique (WGT) was the preferred initial biliary cannulation approach (95%). The preferred secondary approaches were a double-wire (DWT) (65.8%), precut needle-knife technique (NKT) (25.7%), transpancreatic sphincterotomy (5.9%) or other (2.6%). Overall, 18.1% of respondents were not comfortable with NKTs. In the setting of pancreatic duct (PD) access, 81.9% and 97% reported a threshold of three or more wire passes or contrast injections into the PD, respectively, before changing strategy, 34% reported placement of a prophylactic PD stent <50% of the time and 12.1% reported removal of the PD stent at the end of the procedure. Advanced endoscopy fellowship (AEF) training and high volume (>200 ERCPs per year) were associated with comfort with precut NKTs and likelihood of prophylactic PD stent (P<0.001 for both).

Conclusions A WGT technique followed by the DWT and NKT were the preferred biliary cannulation techniques; however, almost one-fifth of respondents were not comfortable with the NKT. There was considerable variability in secondary cannulation approaches, time spent attempting biliary cannulation and prophylactic PD stent placement, factors known to be associated with cannulation success and adverse outcomes.

Supporting information



Publication History

Received: 14 February 2023

Accepted after revision: 19 April 2023

Accepted Manuscript online:
03 May 2023

Article published online:
21 June 2023

© 2023. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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