Handchir Mikrochir Plast Chir 2024; 56(01): 55-64
DOI: 10.1055/a-2240-4781
Originalarbeit

Nerventransfers bei Kindern mit nicht traumatischer Amyoplasie

Nerve Transfers in Children with Non-traumatic Amyoplasia
Benedikt Schäfer
1   Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery - Burn Center, Division for Plexus Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Germany
2   Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery - Burn Center, Division for Plexus Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Germany
,
Justus P. Beier
2   Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery - Burn Center, Division for Plexus Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Germany
,
Jörg Bahm
2   Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery - Burn Center, Division for Plexus Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Germany
2   Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery - Burn Center, Division for Plexus Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Germany
› Author Affiliations

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund Die Behandlung der geburtstraumatischen Läsionen des Plexus brachialis durch primäre Rekonstruktionen und Nerventransfers hat sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten etabliert. Bei nicht traumatischen Erkrankungen, die zu schlaffen Lähmungen und zur Bewegungsunfähigkeit von Extremitäten führen, wie beispielsweise der Transversen Myelitis (TM) oder der Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC), die beide verschiedenste Ursachen haben können, steht bislang die rehabilitative Therapie im Vordergrund, während chirurgische Eingriffe nur limitiert, im Sinne von Umstellungsosteotomien oder Muskeltransfers, Anwendung finden. Unser Bestreben besteht darin für nicht-traumatische Amyoplasien Nerventransfers als chirurgische Option zur Verbesserung der Beweglichkeit zu etablieren.

Patienten Im Zeitraum von 08/2013 bis 03/2023 wurden bei insgesamt 23 Patienten im Alter von 4 Monaten bis 64 Monaten (davon 18 mit AMC und 5 mit TM) funktionsverbessernde Eingriffe in Form mikrochirurgischer Nerventransfers an der oberen Extremität durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse Wir konnten zeigen, dass sowohl bei der AMC wie auch bei der TM frühzeitige Nerventransfers der oberen Extremität eine Reanimation der Muskulatur ermöglichen konnten.

Schlussfolgerung Diese Arbeit zeigt auf, dass die Behandlung von nicht-traumatischen Amyoplasien bei Kindern mit selektiven Nerventransfers eine erfolgreiche Methode darstellt. Das Erlangen bzw. Wiedererlangen von wichtigen Funktionen zur Bewältigung des selbstständigen Alltags kann durch Nerventransfers erreicht werden. Die operative Methodik ist durch die Behandlung von traumatischen Nervenverletzungen etabliert, gut bekannt und sicher durchführbar. Unseres Erachtens stellt dies eine wichtige Behandlungsoption für pädiatrische Patienten mit Lähmungen im Rahmen einer TM oder AMC dar, die auch den betreuenden Kinderärzten bekannt sein sollte.

Abstract

Background The treatment of obstetric brachial plexus palsy through primary reconstruction and nerve transfers has been established in the past decades. In the case of non-traumatic diseases that lead to flaccid paralysis and the inability to move the extremities, such as transverse myelitis (TM) or arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC), which can have a wide variety of causes, the focus has been on rehabilitative therapy so far, while surgical interventions have been used to a lesser extent, e. g., in the form of osteotomies or muscle transfers. Our aim is to establish nerve transfers as a surgical option to improve mobility in non-traumatic amyoplasia.

Patients This work presents the needs-adapted treatment of a total of 23 patients (aged 4 months to 64 months, 18 with AMC and 5 with TM) using nerve transfers on the upper extremity.

Results We were able to show that early nerve transfers in the upper extremity enabled the reanimation of muscles in both AMC and TM.

Conclusion This work shows that the treatment of non-traumatic amyoplasia in children with selective nerve grafts is a successful method. Nerve transfers allow patients to gain or regain important functions for managing independent everyday life. The surgical methods have been established in the treatment of traumatic nerve injuries. They are well-known and can be carried out safely. We believe that this is an important treatment option for paediatric patients with paralysis associated with TM or AMC, which should also be known to the treating physicians.



Publication History

Received: 11 October 2023

Accepted: 01 January 2024

Article published online:
20 March 2024

© 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
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