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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Endosc Int Open 2024; 12(06): E788-E796
DOI: 10.1055/a-2320-7104
Review

Retention of endoscopic capsules in diverticula: Literature review of a capsule endoscopy rarity

Camilla Thorndal 
1   Surgical Research Unit, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
,
Ola Selnes
1   Surgical Research Unit, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
,
Ian Io Lei
2   University Hospital of Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
,
Sebastian Schostek
3   Ovesco Endoscopy AG, Tubingen, Germany (Ringgold ID: RIN484040)
,
Anastasios Koulaouzidis 
1   Surgical Research Unit, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
4   Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (Ringgold ID: RIN6174)
5   Department of Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Svendborg, Denmark (Ringgold ID: RIN11286)
6   Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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Abstract

Background and study aims This review aimed to provide an updated and comprehensive review of capsule retention within diverticula, shedding light on the characteristics and management of this rare event in capsule endoscopy.

Methods A systematic literature search was conducted across multiple databases. All observational studies that reported capsule retention in a diverticulum among complication and outcomes, as well as case reports and series, were included. Manual cross-checking of references was also performed. Two extractors performed abstract and full-text reviews, as well as data-extraction.

Results We found 167 references from Pubmed, Embase, and Web Of Science. Sixty-five duplicates were removed and another 71 references were excluded. Crosschecking of references found additional two articles. In total, 32 articles were included, resulting in a total of 34 cases of retained capsules in diverticula. The median age was 69 and the majority of the patients were male (76.5%). The most common retention occurred in Meckel’s diverticulum (32.4%) followed by Zenker’s diverticulum (20.6%). Investigation of capsule retention was done with x-ray (50%) and computed tomography (CT) scan (44.1%). Seventeen cases (50%) were asymptomatic. Resolution of the retention happened with endoscopy (35.3%) and surgical management (32.4%), as well as self-resolution (20.6%).

Conclusions Due to the small number of cases, diverticula are not a risk factor for incomplete capsule endoscopy examination. It affects mainly elderly, male, asymptomatic patients, and typically is diagnosed with x-rays and CT scans. The most common type is Meckel’s diverticulum, and endoscopy is the primary management. Capsule endoscopy retentions are extremely rare, with only 34 cases reported since the technology's introduction.

Keywords

Endoscopy Small Bowel - Capsule endoscopy - Endoscopy Upper GI Tract - Endoscopy Lower GI Tract

Supplementary Material



Publication History

Received: 01 November 2023

Accepted after revision: 05 April 2024

Accepted Manuscript online:
06 May 2024

Article published online:
18 June 2024

© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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